The Cost of Living Crisis in Scotland: analytical report
This report draws together analysis from a wide range of sources to provide an overview of emerging evidence on the cost of living crisis. It has been produced by a cross-government group of analysts.
Footnotes
1. Scottish Government (6 September, 2022), Programme for Government - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
2. See Chapter 3 for further details of this analysis
3. Economy statistics - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
4. Bank of England Monetary Policy Report August 2022
5. The Open Society Foundations (September, 2022), Fault Lines: Global Perspectives on a World in Crisis - Open Society Foundations. The countries were: Brazil, Colombia, Egypt, France, Germany, Great Britain, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Mexico, Moldova, Nigeria, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Singapore, South Africa, Turkey, the United States, and Ukraine.
6. Ipsos MORI (2 August, 2022), Four in ten across 28 countries expect their disposable income to fall over the next year | Ipsos
7. ACLED Dashboard - ACLED (acleddata.com)
8. Reuters (5 October, 2022), French unions march for better pay as cost of living spikes | Reuters
9. Reuters (22 March, 2022), Spain's truckers strike expands, prompting food shortages | Reuters; The Local (11 March, 2022), Fuel crisis: Italy braces for delays as truck deliveries suspended from Monday (thelocal.it)
10. Network Rail (October, 2022), Industrial action - Network Rail
11. YouGov Tracker 6-28 September 2022 - New cost of living tracker reveals extent of crisis in Western Europe | YouGov
12. Bruegel (21 September, 2022), National policies to shield consumers from rising energy prices (bruegel.org)
13. Data was not available for all counties. These countries were selected to provide a snapshot of how different countries are responding to the crisis. Further detail on the policies within a wider range of countries in the EU can be found here - National policies to shield consumers from rising energy prices (bruegel.org)
14. Scotland only - Cost of living: rent and eviction - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
15. Royal Decree Law Spain (29 October, 2021), cms-analysis-royal-decree-law-23-2021
16. Decree Law Italy (27 September, 2021), Official Journal (gazzettaufficiale.it)
17. Ireland (19 April, 2022), gov.ie - €100 payment to all domestic electricity accounts approved by Cabinet (www.gov.ie)
18. Official Journal of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (19 November, 2021), Regulation of the Government in Council of 19 November 2021 on the granting of a cost-of-living allowance for the year 2022. - Legilux (public.lu)
19. JRF (18 January, 2022), Rising energy bills to 'devastate' poorest families | JRF
20. Belgium (10 June, 2022), When will you receive the 100 EUR heating premium ? | Belgium.be
21. Ireland (27 September, 2022), gov.ie - Budget 2023 (www.gov.ie)
22. The Economist (11 August, 2022), Which European countries are most vulnerable to surging energy prices? | The Economist
23. The Institute for Government (16 August, 2022), Cost of living crisis: reducing energy bill costs | The Institute for Government
24. Social Market Foundation (25 August, 2022). This poll included 2012 people. Energy bill crisis: Majority backs welfare boost for hardest-hit - Social Market Foundation. (smf.co.uk)
25. €200 is about £170. L'Economia (2 May, 2022), Superbonus 110% for villas valid until September 30 - The 200 euro bonus launched by Draghi and everything in the 2022 Aid Decree - Corriere.it
26. Reuters (25 June, 2022), Spain approves $9.5 billion aid package for vulnerable families | Reuters
27. Welcome to the official website of Denmark; The Local (27 January, 2022), Denmark could give tax-free sum to families with high heating bills (thelocal.dk)
28. European Commission, Sweden - Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion - European Commission (europa.eu)
29. Reuters (15 September, 2022), Spanish government open to modifying tax on banks, energy firms | Reuters
30. HM Treasury (26 May, 2022), Energy Profits Levy Factsheet - 26 May 2022 - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)
31. Polling conducted on 8th September 2022 - Snap poll: Britons back the £2,500 energy price cap, but most say the government needs to do more | YouGov
32. European Council (30 September, 2022), Council agrees on emergency measures to reduce energy prices - Consilium (europa.eu)
33. Longer term approaches taken by the UK government to improve the energy supply include lifting the ban on fracking. However, it has been suggested this will take time, may encounter legal challenge and will not impact on prices in international markets tackling-energy-efficiency-problem.pdf (instituteforgovernment.org.uk)
34. European Council (26 July, 2022), Member states commit to reducing gas demand by 15% next winter - Consilium (europa.eu)
35. International_comparisons_of_household_energy_efficiency_2020.pdf (publishing.service.gov.uk)
36. The Institute for Government (September 2022), tackling-energy-efficiency-problem.pdf (instituteforgovernment.org.uk)
37. Inequality - Income inequality - OECD Data; https://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/
38.Bruegel (8 March, 2022), The economic policy consequences of the war (bruegel.org)
39. Resolution Foundation, (August, 2022) A-chilling-crisis.pdf (resolutionfoundation.org)
40. On 5th August France's parliament voted through a package of measures. French MPs approve 20 billion-euro package to help with soaring inflation (france24.com)
41. Electricite de France (EDF) The French government already owns 84% of Électricité de France, but it is now planning to fully nationalize the company
42. European Commission, France - Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion - European Commission (europa.eu)
43. Website of the Federal Government | Home page (bundesregierung.de)
44. €300 is about £260/270
45. The Federal Government website - Protective shield package of 200 billion euros | Federal Government (bundesregierung.de)
46. LSE (8 September, 2022), Inclusion, inequality, and responses to the cost-of-living crisis | LSE Business Review
47. UK Government, (26 May, 2022) Cost of Living Support - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)
48. Resolution Foundation, (26 May, 2022) - Chancellor almost doubles cost-of-living support with two-thirds of fresh cash going to the poorest half of households Resolution Foundation
49. Resolution Foundation, (27 May, 2022) - Back-on-target.pdf (resolutionfoundation.org)
50. SCOPE, (11 May, 2022) - Why disabled people are at the centre of the cost-of-living crisis | Disability charity Scope UK
51. Disability Rights UK, (26 May, 2022) - One-off payment not enough to end cost of living crisis – DR UK | Disability Rights UK
52. Research Institute for Disabled Consumers, (5 May, 2022) - Cost of living crisis: disabled people pay the price | RiDC
53. IFS, (26 May, 2022) - IFS response to government cost of living support package | Institute for Fiscal Studies
54. IPPR, (26 May, 2022) - IPPR Scotland Responds to UK Chancellor's Cost of Living Announcement | IPPR
55. UK Government, (21 September, 2022) - Energy bills support factsheet - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)
56. Resolution Foundation, (8 September, 2022) - Liz Truss sets out plans for government to cover three-quarters of the rise in energy bills this winter, but ducks question of its £120 billion plus price tag Resolution Foundation
57. Resolution Foundation, (13 September, 2022) - A blank cheque Resolution Foundation
58. Estimates for fuel poverty relating to Oct 2022 are based on scenario modelling. Fuel poverty rates are calculated based on 2019 SHCS data, with energy prices uprated in line with the Energy Price Guarantee of £2,500 for the typical dual fuel household. Figures are presented net of the following mitigations: £400 Energy Bills Support Scheme payment, £650 Cost of Living payment for those on means-tested benefits, £300 Pensioner Cost of Living Payment for pensioner households who receive the Winter Fuel Payment, £150 Disability Cost of Living Payment and £150 Council Tax rebate for households in council tax bands A-D or that receive council tax reduction. They do not include the £100 payment for off-gas-grid households under the Energy Bill Relief Scheme
59. JRF, (22 September, 2022) - Chancellor will leave low-income families out in the cold with tax-cutting agenda | JRF
60. IFS, (8 September, 2022) - Response to the Energy Price Guarantee | Institute for Fiscal Studies (ifs.org.uk)
61. UK Government, (21 September, 2022) - Energy Bill Relief Scheme: help for businesses and other non-domestic customers - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)
62. FSB, (21 September, 2022) - FSB Scotland reacts to small business energy support | FSB, The Federation of Small Businesses
63. CBI, (21 September, 2022) - CBI responds to business energy support package announcement | CBI
64. UK Government (23 September, 2022), The Growth Plan 2022 (HTML) - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)
65. ONS (21 October, 2022), Retail sales, Great Britain - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk)
66. The Federation of Small Businesses (3 August, 2022), FSB Scotland Voice of Small Business Index Quarter 2 2022 | FSB, The Federation of Small Businesses
67. ONS (7 September, 2022), Business energy spending: experimental measures from ONS business surveys - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)
68. Cornwall-Insights (21 September, 2022), https://www.cornwall-insight.com/energy-bill-relief-scheme-the-devils-in-the-detail/
69. Royal Bank of Scotland (10 October, 2022), Royal Bank of Scotland PMI report for September 2022 | Royal Bank of Scotland (rbs.co.uk)
70. This paper focuses on income of households rather than SIMD. However, it is important to consider issues that exacerbate the crisis for people living in the most deprived areas, for example availability of affordable and healthy food.
71. Poverty stats and tables with additional breakdowns (from Family Resources Survey data) Financial vulnerability (from Wealth and Assets survey data) Cost of living analysis (document 3) (from Living Costs and Food Survey data)
72. Scottish Government (4 October, 2021), Tackling child poverty priority families overview - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
73. Scottish Government, National Performance Framework – Cost of living https://nationalperformance.gov.scot/measuring-progress/national-indicator-performance
74. IFS, (17 November, 2021), The cost of living crisis – who is hit by recent price increases? | Institute for Fiscal Studies (ifs.org.uk)
75. IFS, (15 August, 2022), The long squeeze: rising inflation and the current government support package | Institute for Fiscal Studies (ifs.org.uk)
76. JRF (29 June, 2022), Not heating, eating or meeting bills: managing a cost of living crisis on a low income | JRF
77. The Resolution Foundation (13 July, 2022), Stagnation Nation: Navigating a route to a fairer and more prosperous Britain
78. Scottish Government (18 February, 2022), Wealth in Scotland 2006-2020 (data.gov.scot)
79. The Resolution Foundation (16 May, 2020), The-effect-of-the-coronavirus-crisis-on-workers.pdf (resolutionfoundation.org)
80. Scottish Government (5 October, 2021), Covid recovery strategy - for a fairer future: fairer Scotland duty assessment - summary
81. This assessment is based on a review of the best available evidence on who is most negatively affected by increases in the cost of living. It is a dynamic picture and subject to change as new evidence, interventions and support measures are introduced. Because of this, groups initially included have been removed, and conversely new evidence or interventions may emerge that highlights ways in which other groups, not included here, are being particularly affected.
82. According to 2011 Census Data
83. Scottish Government (2020). Poverty and income inequality in Scotland 2016-19 and Additional poverty analysis 2018 - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
84. And a recent gendered analysis of the cost of living crisis argues that the impact of the energy crisis on public services and small businesses is also likely to hit women particularly hard, as they are the majority of workers in most affected sectors like social care and education, and hospitality and retail. Women's Budget Group (5 September, 2022), The Cost Crisis: a Gendered Analysis - Womens Budget Group (wbg.org.uk)
85. Women's Aid (1 August, 2022), The cost of living - Women's Aid (womensaid.org.uk)
86. Scottish Government, (9 March, 2022) Using intersectionality to understand structural inequality in Scotland: Evidence synthesis (www.gov.scot)
87. DWP, Stat-Xplore, 'Households on Universal Credit' dataset, September 2021; and HMRC, Provisional tax credit award statistics, April 2021.
88. Scottish Government, (April, 2022), Welfare reform - impact on households with children: report - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
89. The Trussell Trust (17 March, 2022), Two in five Brits receiving Universal Credit forced into debt this winter as payments failed to cover soaring cost of living, says the Trussell Trust - The Trussell Trust
90. Child Poverty Action Group (17 May, 2022), Reducing deductions: the first step in a package of support for low-income households | CPAG
91. The real-terms value of a benefit removes the effect of inflation by converting the nominal (cash terms) value of a benefit in any given year to its value in 1 consistent price year.
92. Internal Scottish Government analysis.
93. ONS (13 September, 2022), Earnings and employment from Pay As You Earn Real Time Information, UK - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk); ONS (14 September, 2022) Consumer price inflation, UK - Office for National Statistics
94.There is uncertainty at the time of writing as to whether benefits will be uprated by the September 2022 CPI
95. Poverty and Inequality Commission (12 August, 2022), Poverty-and-Inequality-Commission-Final-Cost-of-Living-advice-to-Scottish-Government-12-August-2022-002.pdf (povertyinequality.scot)
96. Based on internal Scottish Government analysis using the number of households in Scotland with monthly Universal Credit awards no higher than the equivalent of £20 per week, and assuming a similar number of households earn £20 per week too much to qualify for Universal Credit. DWP, Stat-Xplore, Households on Universal Credit, May 2022.
97. Carers UK (15 March, 2022) Under Pressure: Caring and the cost of living crisis - Carers UK
98. Scottish Government (25 March, 2021), Poverty and Income Inequality in Scotland 2017-20 (data.gov.scot)
99. Hirsch, D (August, 2022) Is-cost-of-living-support-enough.pdf (jpit.uk)
100. Scottish Government (20 January, 2021) Cost of Living analysis
101. JRF (3 October, 2022), Poverty in Scotland 2022 | JRF
102. New Economics Foundation (5 May, 2022), Losing the inflation race | New Economics Foundation
103. Scottish Government (29 March, 2018), Supporting documents - Tackling child poverty delivery plan 2018-2022: annex 2 - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
104. Scottish Government (29 September, 2021), The cost of remoteness - reflecting higher living costs in remote rural Scotland when measuring fuel poverty: research report - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
105. Transport and Travel in Scotland, unpublished analysis of Scottish Household Survey data.
106. Scottish Government (23 February, 2021), Scottish House Condition Survey: Local Authority Analysis 2017-2019 - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
107. Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (29 September, 2022), BEIS Domestic Energy Price Statistics
108. Revised methodology applied to SHCS: Scottish house condition survey: 2019 key findings - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
110. 2019 Scottish House Condition Survey – all households in the survey had a connection to the electricity grid
111. Poverty and Inequality Commission (14 June, 2022), Publications - Poverty & Inequality Commission (povertyinequality.scot)
112. National Performance Framework – Food insecurity https://nationalperformance.gov.scot/measuring-progress/national-indicator-performance
113. Scottish Government (December, 2021), fuel-poverty-strategy-analytical-annex.pdf (www.gov.scot)
114. House of Commons Work and Pensions Committee (20 July, 2022), https://committees.parliament.uk/publications/23272/documents/169744/default/
115. Financial vulnerability is defined as households with savings which would cover less than one month of income at the poverty line. Data covers the 2018 to 2020 and is sourced from Scottish Government Statistical publication on Wealth in Scotland 2006-2020)
116. Index of Private Housing Rental Prices, UK - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk)
117. Estimates taken from the Cost of Living (Tenant Protection) (Scotland) Bill 2022: Business and Regulatory Impact Assessment (www.gov.scot). This draws on a recent survey of landlords and letting agents in Scotland: Nationwide (August, 2020), RentBetter Baseline Full Reports | Rent Better (indigohousegroup.com)
118. Figures provided by Citizens Advice Scotland
119. Scottish Government (3 February, 2022), Gypsy/Traveller accommodation fund and site design guide: fairer Scotland assessment - summary - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
120. The Guardian (30 August, 2022), Gypsies and Travellers fear missing out on energy bills support | UK cost of living crisis | The Guardian
121. The share of outstanding regulated mortgages on fixed rates in Q2 2022, taken from Financial Conduct Authority (13 September, 2022), Mortgage lending statistics - September 2022 | FCA
122. Scottish Government (17 September, 2020), Coronavirus (COVID-19): impact on equality (research) - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
123. Scottish Government (24 March, 2022), Best Start, Bright Futures: tackling child poverty delivery plan 2022 to 2026 - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
124. Royal College of Physicians (16 May, 2022), Over half of Brits say their health has worsened due to rising cost of living | RCP London
125. Conducted by YouGov on their online omnibus on behalf of Scottish Government; sample of c.1000 adults 18+ each wave across Scotland; latest fieldwork 27-29 September and prior to this 23-25 August and 28-30 June; weighted to be representative of the adult online population. Data tables for all waves can be found here: Public attitudes to coronavirus, cost of living and Ukraine: tracker - data tables - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
126. Institute of Health Equity (August 2022), read-the-report.pdf (instituteofhealthequity.org)
127. BMJ (6 September, 2022), Disconnecting energy supplies can be "life threatening," NHS chief warns regulator | The BMJ
128. SVCO (October 2022), The Scottish Third Sector Tracker – SCVO
129. Poverty and Inequality Commission (October, 2022), Poverty and Inequality Commission - Briefing on the cost of living crisis - Poverty & Inequality Commission (povertyinequality.scot)
130. The Trussell Trust and Independent Food Aid Network (26 May, 2022), 260522 IFAN Trussell Trust Letter to Cabinet Secretary Cash First (5).pdf (strikinglycdn.com)
131. Independent Food Aid Network (August, 2022), Data - Independent Food Aid Network UK
132. Citizens Advice Scotland (August, 2022), col_aug_2022_proof_2.pdf (cas.org.uk)
133. Glasgow Times (9 September, 2022), Glasgow City Council to introduce 'warm banks' for freezing Scots this winter | Glasgow Times
134. Transport Scotland (22 September, 2022), Public Attitudes Survey Data: Wave 23 | Transport Scotland
135. Scottish Government (May 2018), Understanding childhood adversity, resilience and crime - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
136. University of Edinburgh (March, 2022), ESYTC Report (4.3.22) (ed.ac.uk)
137. Scottish Government (4 October, 2022), Scottish Welfare Fund, Self-Isolation Support Grant and Discretionary Housing Payments: monthly data - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
138. Maggie's (24 August, 2022), People with cancer more worried about cost of living than diagnosis | Maggie's (maggies.org)
139. YouGov (23 May, 2022), Cost of living: what have Britons had to cut back on? | YouGov
140. Citizens Advice Scotland (19 September, 2022), The hidden part of the cost of living crisis | Citizens Advice Scotland (cas.org.uk)
141. Scottish Women's Aid (September, 2022), Microsoft Word - SWA Briefing the Cost of living crisis August 2022.docx (womensaid.scot)
142. Hestia, (1 July, 2022) - The cost of living crisis is leading to increased need for domestic abuse support (hestia.org)
143. Women's Aid (July, 2022), Womens_Aid_cost_of_living_survivor_survey_July_22.pdf (womensaid.org.uk)
144. Turas (30 June, 2022), 06 September 2022 Workforce | Turas Data Intelligence (nhs.scot)
145. Scottish Social Services Council (December 2021), Staff Vacancies in Care Services 2020 (sssc.uk.com)
146. Scottish Government (21 June, 2022), 4. Ongoing issues for the adult social care workforce - National Care Service - adult social care workforce: evidence - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
147. Unpublished ASSIST data held by Scottish Government. May be available on request from ASSIST Chair.
148. The Scottish Government (29, June 2011), Christie Commission on the future delivery of public services - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
149. UK Government (7 September, 2022), 22-cs9 - Construction Building Materials - Commentary August 2022 (publishing.service.gov.uk)
150. Scottish Government, (15 June, 2022), Infrastructure Investment Plan 2021-22 to 2025-26: progress report - 2021 to 2022 - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
151. NHS Confederation (26 August, 2022), Petrol price increases are driving away staff and putting services at risk, warn NHS leaders in new survey | NHS Confederation
152. Dentistry (31 August, 2022), Will the cost of living crisis obliterate NHS dentistry? - Dentistry
153. Scottish Council for Voluntary Organisations (15 August, 2022), Lifeline services at risk as voluntary organisations call for funding assurances (scvo.scot)
154. Volunteer Scotland (27 September, 2022), Cost of Living Report - Volunteer Scotland
155. Local Government Association (28 June, 2022), Inflation and National Living Wage pressures to add £3.6 billion extra costs onto council budgets - LGA analysis | Local Government Association
156. People's Panel evidence comes from previously unpublished data from research events on 24 June and 23 September 2022. The People's Panel is made up of around 30 diverse members of the public - recruited to ensure a wide range of experiences of, and attitudes towards, the COVID-19 pandemic.
157. Qualitative research was carried out on behalf of Scottish Government by JRS in August 2022 with low income families potentially exposed to child poverty. The sample represented each of the six core most at risk segments: lone parents; families with a disabled parent or child; larger families - those with 3 or more children; minority ethnic families; families where the youngest child is aged up to 1 year; young mothers – aged under 25 years. The research consisted of an ethnographic video diary task followed by online in-depth interviews with 35 participants and in home and community face-to-face immersion sessions with 14 participants. All respondents were either receiving benefits, within the DE socio-economic groups (SEGs), or, living within the most deprived SIMD communities, and stated they are currently facing 'challenges with their household finances'.
158. The methodology also included 2 mini groups (3 respondents each) and 4 one to one depth interviews with stakeholders who represented organisations and job functions that focus on supporting parents and their children, e.g. Family Nurses, Health Visitors, charity and family support group workers.
159. A federal crisis plan to combat soaring energy prices | Belgium.be
160. Making life more affordable for Canadians this year | Prime Minister of Canada (pm.gc.ca)
161. Another billion kroner for increased heating assistance (kefm.dk)
162. Legislative proposals on compensation for rising energy prices have now been adopted - Regeringen.dk
163. The Danish Government, Danish Regions and KL agree to save energy in the public sector
164. National fiscal policy responses to the energy crisis (bruegel.org)
165. Daily News 08 / 09 / 2022 (europa.eu)
166. National Retrofitting Scheme | Press Release | SEAI
167. Bills, green light to support: 5.5 billion against the expensive energy - Corriere.it
171. Royal Decree-Law cms-analysis-royal-decree-law-23-2021
174. The Trussell Trust (September, 2022), Cost-of-Living-campaign-policy-briefing-Sep-2022.pdf (trusselltrust.org)
175. Based on internal Scottish Government analysis using the number of households in Scotland with monthly Universal Credit awards no higher than the equivalent of £20 per week, and assuming a similar number of households earn £20 per week too much to qualify for Universal Credit. DWP, Stat-Xplore, Households on Universal Credit, May 2022.
176. Scotland's carers: update release - gov.scot (www.gov.scot); Carers Census, Scotland, 2019-20 and 2020-21 - gov.scot (www.gov.scot); National Care Service evidence paper: people who get adult social care and unpaid carers - easy read - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
177. JRF (18 January, 2022), Poverty rates for informal carers | JRF from UK Poverty 2022: The essential guide to understanding poverty in the UK | JRF
178. Scottish Government (29 September, 2020), Scottish Health Survey 2019: main report - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
179. Carers UK (9 August, 2022), Carers_UK_BAME_covid_report_2022.pdf (carersuk.org)
180. Scottish Government (2019) Scottish Surveys Core Questions 2019
181. Scottish Government (20 August, 2020), Tackling child poverty: second year progress report - annex C - gov.scot (www.gov.scot); Scottish Government (5 April, 2022), Additional child poverty analysis 2022 - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
182. Document 1 here: Scottish Government (5 April, 2022), Additional child poverty analysis 2022 - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
183. ONS (16 March, 2021), Family spending in the UK - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk)
184. Scottish Government (29 September, 2020), Chapter 1: General Health, CVD and Diabetes - Scottish Health Survey 2019 - volume 1: main report - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
185. NRS (25 June, 2021) Mid-2020 Population Estimates Scotland | National Records of Scotland (nrscotland.gov.uk)
186. Scottish Government (2 July, 2021), Tackling child poverty - third year progress report : annex B - child poverty in families with a disabled adult or child - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
187. Citizens Advice (September, 2022), CA cost of living data dashboard | Flourish
188. Evans and Collard (September, 2022), Facing Barriers (financialfairness.org.uk)
189. Scottish Government (29 January, 2021), Housing needs of minority ethnic groups: Evidence review (www.gov.scot)
190. Unpublished analysis from the 2019 Scottish House Condition Survey looking at the impact of the Energy Price Guarantee on fuel poverty in Scotland.
191. ONS (14 September, 2022), https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/index-private-housing-rental-prices
192. UK Collaborative Centre for Housing Evidence (September, 2022), Low_income_renters_priorities_for_change_scotland_synthesis_report_sept_2022.pdf (housingevidence.ac.uk)
193. Scottish Housing Regulator (31 August, 2021), National Report on the Scottish Social Housing Charter - Headline Findings - 2020-21 | Scottish Housing Regulator
195. Fraser of Allander Institute (5 October, 2022), FAI Economic Commentary 2022 Q3 | FAI (fraserofallander.org)
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