High Level Summary of Equality Statistics: Key Trends for Scotland 2006

7. Tourism, Culture & Sport

Introduction to Tourism, Culture & Sport and Equality

This section of the High Level Summary of Equality Statistics ( HLSES) presents key information on tourism, culture and sport in Scotland across a number of equality dimensions including age, disability, ethnicity and gender. It reflects key areas of activity identified in the main High Level Summary of Statistics ( HLSS) chapter on the tourism, culture and sport ( http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Statistics) from an equalities perspective, where data are available. Where the main HLSS publication presents data by any of these equality dimensions, these are also shown here for ease of reference.

As well as showing key high level trends, the analysis highlights where differences and potential areas of inequality may exist for tourism, culture and sport in Scotland for those groups outlined above. The analysis is not intended to provide a definitive set of equalities data and more detailed statistics across the equality dimensions, where available, are referenced in the links provided. It is also not possible to break down all topics by all equality dimensions.

At present there is not extensive information available for tourism, culture and sport relating to equality dimensions but, in future, more data will become available.

A major breakthrough will be the inclusion of culture and sport questions in the Scottish Household Survey (which will be published under National Statistics), with data collection due to start in 2007. This will provide high quality data on culture and sport participation and attendance and will add significantly to existing data (e.g. data collected by the Scottish Arts Council and sportscotland).

In addition, several non-departmental public bodies are now collecting data on visitor numbers by equality dimensions (e.g. for museums, libraries and film theatres) and VisitScotland is in the process of preparing a Disability Equality Scheme. This scheme will cover VisitScotland's approach to disability equality across all of its activities, including Quality and Standards, Marketing, Tourist Information Services, Strategy and Planning and Industry Engagement.

There are limitations in how far some data can be broken down by the above equality dimensions. Data taken from sample surveys often contain small numbers, particularly in the case of smaller ethnic groups and to some extent disability. As such, some data are prone to sampling error and trends based on such data often show a high degree of volatility. In such instances, data may have been combined for multiple years or multiple ethnic groups, whilst in other cases data may be shown for a single year only. In other instances small data may have been suppressed in order to protect individuals' confidentiality

Possible reasons underlying the differences reported in this chapter are not detailed here. Factors which contribute to differences between equality groups represent a complex interplay of cultural, demographic and socio-economic factors and, as such are outwith the scope of this publication.

Tourism

At present there is not extensive information available for Tourism relating to equality dimensions but, in future, more data will become available. Several non-departmental public bodies are now collecting data on visitor numbers by equality dimensions (e.g. for museums, libraries and film theatres) and VisitScotland is in the process of preparing a Disability Equality Scheme. This scheme will cover VisitScotland's approach to disability equality across all of its activities, including Quality and Standards, Marketing, Tourist Information Services, Strategy and Planning and Industry Engagement.

Disability Access

Currently, VisitScotland runs a Disability Access Scheme as part of its Quality Assurance Scheme. Under this scheme, properties may be assessed then awarded a grade depending on their suitability for different levels of mobility impairment.

Data are available for the number of visitor attractions in the Quality Assurance Scheme which are also members of the Disability Access Scheme.

As at October 2006, there are 1,112 visitor attractions in the VisitScotland Quality Assurance Scheme. Forty-two per of these are members of the VisitScotland Disability Access Scheme. Of these, 8% provided unassisted disability access, 21% provided assisted wheelchair access and 13% provided access for visitors with Mobility Difficulties. Fifty-eight per cent are not in the VisitScotland Disability Access Scheme but this does not preclude them from having some form of disability access provision.

Source: VisitScotland
Note: 1. These data are not National Statistics.

Publication

Social Focus on Disability 2004 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2004/08/19818/41697

Web Link

VisitScotland is the principal agency for the promotion and development of Scotland's tourism industry. Further information on accessibility is available at the following VisitScotland web site http://www.visitscotland.com/accommodation/accessiblescotland/

Visits to Scotland from Overseas

Information on the number of visits to Scotland from overseas is captured by the International Passenger Survey ( IPS).

Visits to Scotland from Overseas: Gender

In 2005, there were 2.4 million visits to Scotland from overseas. Of these, 43% of visits were by males for leisure, 41% were by females for leisure, 13% were by males for business and 4% were by females on business.

Source: Office for National Statistics ( ONS) - International Passenger Survey ( IPS)

Publication

International Passenger Survey ( IPS) - Office for National Statistics ( ONS) http://www.statistics.gov.uk/ssd/surveys/international_passenger_survey.asp

Web Link

Office for National Statistics ( ONS) http://www.statistics.gov.uk/

Visits to Scotland from Overseas: Age

In 2005, there were 2.4 million visits to Scotland from overseas. Of these, the largest proportion of visits were made by those aged 25 to 34 years (23%), followed by 19% of both those aged between 35 to 44 years and 45 to 54 years. The smallest proportion of visits were made by those aged between 0 and 15 years.

Source: Office for National Statistics ( ONS) - International Passenger Survey ( IPS)

Publication

International Passenger Survey ( IPS) - Office for National Statistics ( ONS) http://www.statistics.gov.uk/ssd/surveys/international_passenger_survey.asp

Web Link

Office for National Statistics ( ONS) http://www.statistics.gov.uk/

Culture

The Scottish Arts Council's latest Taking Part Survey was conducted in 2004 and asked almost 3,000 adults about their participation and attendance of cultural/ arts activities and events in the 12 month period prior to survey.

Cultural Attendance

Cultural Attendance: Ethnic Group

The Taking Part Survey indicates that there are some marked differences in the proportion of people who attended different types of arts or cultural events/ activities between white ethnic groups and minority ethnic groups but overall a similar proportion attend.

In 2004, it is estimated that 43% of people from white ethnic groups attended the theatre compared to 16% of those from minority ethnic groups. Fifteen per cent of people from a white ethnic group attended a dance event compared to 7% of people from minority ethnic groups. Those from minority ethnic groups are slightly more likely to attend the cinema (57%) compared to those from white ethnic groups (52%).

Source: Scottish Arts Council - Taking Part Survey 2004
Notes: 1. Visual arts excludes cinema.
2. These data are not National Statistics.

Publication

Analysis of Ethnicity in the 2001 Census - Summary Report http://www.scotland.gov.uk7ff5ee0f-3801-4607-b42e-2fbe7a66bf2d

Web Link

Scottish Arts Council Taking Part Volume 1 - Main Report (Published 2005) http://www.scottisharts.org.uk/1/information/publications/1002308.aspx

Cultural Attendance: Disability

The Taking Part Survey indicates that there are some marked differences in the proportion of disabled and non-disabled people who attended arts or cultural events/ activities.

In 2004, 79% of non-disabled people attended an arts or cultural event/ activity compared to 50% of disabled people. There are also differences in the proportions of people in these groups who attend different types of event/ activity. For example 57% of non-disabled people attended the cinema compared to 21% of disabled people and 43% of non-disabled people attended a music event compared to 21% of disabled people.

Source: Scottish Arts Council - Taking Part Survey 2004
Notes: 1. Visual arts excludes cinema.
2. These data are not National Statistics.

Publication

Social Focus on Disability 2004 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2004/08/19818/41697

Web Link

Scottish Arts Council Taking Part Volume 1 - Main Report (Published 2005) http://www.scottisharts.org.uk/1/information/publications/1002308.aspx

Cultural Attendance: Gender

The Taking Part Survey indicates that there are some differences in the types of art or cultural activity/ event attended by men and women but overall the same proportion attended some kind of activity/event.

In 2004, 48% of women attended the theatre compared to 36% of men. Seventeen per cent of women attended a dance event compared to 13% of men. Conversely, 54% of men attended the cinema compared to 50% of women.

Source: Scottish Arts Council - Taking Part Survey 2004
Notes: 1. Visual arts excludes cinema.
2. These data are not National Statistics.

Publication

Social Focus on Women and Men 2002 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/stats/sfwm/docs/sfwm-00.asp

Web Link

Scottish Arts Council Taking Part Volume 1 - Main Report (Published 2005) http://www.scottisharts.org.uk/1/information/publications/1002308.aspx

Cultural Attendance: Age

The Taking Part Survey indicates that there are differences in the types of arts or cultural activity/ event attended by different age groups.

The Taking Part Survey estimates that a similar number of 16 to 24 years olds and 25 to 64 years olds attended an arts or cultural event/ activity (upwards of 80% of people in both groups) and this compares to 52% of those people aged 65 years and over.

People aged 25 to 64 years were more likely to attend the theatre (46%) compared to those aged 16 to 24 years and 65 years and over (34% of people in both groups). People aged 16 to 24 years were more likely to attend a music event (51%) compared to those aged 25 to 64 years (42%) and 65 years and over (25%). People aged 16 to 24 years are much more likely to attend the cinema (77%) compared to those aged 25 to 64 years (57%) and 65 years and over (17%).

Source: Scottish Arts Council - Taking Part Survey 2004
Notes: 1. Visual arts excludes cinema.
2. These data are not National Statistics.

Web Link

Scottish Arts Council Taking Part Volume 1 - Main Report (Published 2005) http://www.scottisharts.org.uk/1/information/publications/1002308.aspx

Cultural Participation

Cultural Participation: Ethnic Group

The Taking Part Survey indicates that there are some small differences in the type of arts or cultural activities people participate in across ethnic groups, however overall participation rates are very similar for white ethnic groups and minority ethnic groups.

In 2004, it is estimated that 67% of people from white ethnic groups participated in an arts or cultural activity compared to 60% of people from minority ethnic groups. The proportion of people undertaking crafts was higher for white ethnic groups (15%) compared to those from minority ethnic groups (6%). Twelve per cent of people from white ethnic groups attended a visual arts activity compared to 7% of people from minority ethnic groups.

Source: Scottish Arts Council - Taking Part Survey 2004
Note: 1. These data are not National Statistics.

Publication

Analysis of Ethnicity in the 2001 Census - Summary Report http://www.scotland.gov.uk7ff5ee0f-3801-4607-b42e-2fbe7a66bf2d

Web Link

Scottish Arts Council Taking Part Volume 1 - Main Report (Published 2005) http://www.scottisharts.org.uk/1/information/publications/1002308.aspx

Cultural Participation: Disability

The Taking Part Survey 2004 indicates that there are some differences in participation in arts or cultural activities between disabled people and non-disabled people. Fifty-eight per cent of disabled people participated in an arts or cultural activity compared to 68% of non-disabled people. Fifty-seven per cent of non-disabled people read or buy books compared to 47% of non-disabled people.

Source: Scottish Arts Council - Taking Part Survey 2004
Note: 1. These data are not National Statistics.

Publication

Social Focus on Disability 2004 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2004/08/19818/41697

Web Link

Scottish Arts Council Taking Part Volume 1 - Main Report (Published 2005) http://www.scottisharts.org.uk/1/information/publications/1002308.aspx

Cultural Participation: Gender

The Taking Part Survey indicates that there is relatively little difference in participation of arts or cultural activities between men and women.

In 2004, 69% of women and 65% of men participated in an arts or cultural activity. The only marked difference is in the proportion undertaking crafts (21% of women and 9% of men).

Source: Scottish Arts Council - Taking Part Survey 2004
Note: 1. These data are not National Statistics.

Publication

Social Focus on Women and Men 2002 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/stats/sfwm/docs/sfwm-00.asp

Web Link

Scottish Arts Council Taking Part Volume 1 - Main Report (Published 2005) http://www.scottisharts.org.uk/1/information/publications/1002308.aspx

Cultural Participation: Age

The Taking Part Survey indicates that the proportion of people participating an arts or cultural activity is very similar, across all types of activity, for people of all age groups.

In 2004, it is estimated that 69% of people aged 25 to 64 years participated in an arts or cultural activity, compared to 65% of those aged 16 to 24 years and 61% of those aged 65 years and over.

Source: Scottish Arts Council - Taking Part Survey 2004
Note: 1. These data are not National Statistics.

Web Link

Scottish Arts Council Taking Part Volume 1 - Main Report (Published 2005) http://www.scottisharts.org.uk/1/information/publications/1002308.aspx

Culture: Viewing & Listening

Culture: Viewing & Listening: Ethnic Group

The Taking Part Survey indicates that there are some differences in viewing of/ listening to art forms between white ethnic groups and minority ethnic groups.

In 2004, it is estimated that 88% of people from white ethnic groups view the television, a video, a DVD, or the Internet, compared to 74% of people from minority ethnic groups. Seventy-five per cent of people from white ethnic groups listened to the radio compared to 63% of people from minority ethnic groups.

Source: Scottish Arts Council - Taking Part Survey 2004
Note: 1. These data are not National Statistics.

Publication

Analysis of Ethnicity in the 2001 Census - Summary Report http://www.scotland.gov.uk7ff5ee0f-3801-4607-b42e-2fbe7a66bf2d

Web Link

Scottish Arts Council Taking Part Volume 1 - Main Report (Published 2005) http://www.scottisharts.org.uk/1/information/publications/1002308.aspx

Culture: Viewing & Listening: Disability

The Taking Part Survey 2004 indicates that whilst the percentage of people viewing art forms is similar for disabled (87%) and non-disabled people (88%) there are some differences for listening to art forms, for example, 84% of non-disabled people listened to a CD, record, cassette, MP3 or the Internet compared to 69% of disabled people.

Source: Scottish Arts Council - Taking Part Survey 2004
Note: 1. These data are not National Statistics

Publication

Social Focus on Disability 2004 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2004/08/19818/41697

Web Link

Scottish Arts Council Taking Part Volume 1 - Main Report (Published 2005) http://www.scottisharts.org.uk/1/information/publications/1002308.aspx

Culture: Viewing & Listening: Gender

The Taking Part Survey indicates that there is relatively little difference in the types of art form which men and women listen to or view. For example in 2004 it is estimated that 89% of women view the television, a video, a DVD or the Internet compared to 87% of men. Seventy-eight per cent of men listened to radio compared to 72% of women.

Source: Scottish Arts Council - Taking Part Survey 2004
Note: 1. These data are not National Statistics.

Publication

Social Focus on Women and Men 2002 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/stats/sfwm/docs/sfwm-00.asp

Web Link

Scottish Arts Council Taking Part Volume 1 - Main Report (Published 2005) http://www.scottisharts.org.uk/1/information/publications/1002308.aspx

Culture: Viewing & Listening: Age

The Taking Part Survey indicates that the proportion of people viewing or listening to different types of art forms tends to decline with age.

In 2004, it is estimated that 87% of 16 to 24 years olds listened to the radio, compared to 76% of those aged 25 to 64 years and 64% of those aged 65 years and over.

Source: Scottish Arts Council - Taking Part Survey 2004
Note: 1. These data are not National Statistics.

Web Link

Scottish Arts Council Taking Part Volume 1 - Main Report (Published 2005) http://www.scottisharts.org.uk/1/information/publications/1002308.aspx

Sport

Sportscotland conduct the Sports Participation Survey, which is conducted on a sample of approximately 6,000 Scottish adults per year. A participant is defined as someone who has taken part in sport at least once in the four weeks prior to interview. Survey data for 2000-02 are the latest published data. Data for more recent years will be published by the end of 2006.

Sport Participation

Sport Participation: Gender

The Sport Participation Survey estimates that 67% of males participate in sport, compared to 58% of females in 2000-02. Over the past decade, this gender difference has narrowed slightly due to a marginal and fairly sustained increase in the number of females participating in sport.

Source: sportscotland - Sport Participation Survey
Notes: 1. Trends in sports participation are calculated on three years' data.
2. These data are not National Statistics.

Publications

Social Focus on Women and Men 2002 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/stats/sfwm/docs/sfwm-00.asp

Sports Participation in Scotland 2001 Sportscotland (Published 2002) http://www.sportscotland.org.uk/ChannelNavigation/Resource+Library/Publications/Sports+Participation+in+Scotland+2001.htm

Sportscotland research (various) on increasing sport and physical activity for girls http://www.sportscotland.org.uk/ChannelNavigation/Resource+Library/TopicNavigation/Research/

Web Link

sportscotland http://www.sportscotland.org.uk/

Sport Participation: Age Group

The Sport Participation Survey shows that participation in sports tends to decrease with age. The survey estimates that 83% of 16 to 24 year olds participate in sport, followed by 73% of 25 to 34 year olds, 66% of 35 to 54 year olds and 44% of adults aged 55 years and over in 2000-02.

In general, participation rates in sport have increased marginally, yet in a fairly sustained way, for each of the above age groups over the past decade, though there appears to be a slight dip in participation rates in recent years.

Source: sportscotland - Sport Participation Survey
Notes: 1. Trends in sports participation are calculated on three years' data.
2. These data are not National Statistics.

Publications

Sports Participation in Scotland 2001 Sportscotland (Published 2002) http://www.sportscotland.org.uk/ChannelNavigation/Resource+Library/Publications/Sports+Participation+in+Scotland+2001.htm

Older People, Sport and Physical Activity: A Review of Key Issues (Published November 2004) Sportscotland http://www.sportscotland.org.uk/ChannelNavigation/Resource+Library/TopicNavigation/Research/

Web Link

sportscotland http://www.sportscotland.org.uk/

Excellence in Sport

Excellence in Sport: Disability & Gender

As part of Scotland's national strategy for sport, the target is to have a cumulative total of 250 medallists on the world stage by 2007.

In the period April 2003 to May 2006, there is a total of 198 Scottish medallists on the world stage. Of these, 57% are male and non-disabled, 25% are female and non-disabled, 12% are male and disabled and 7% are female and disabled.

Source: sportscotland
Note: 1. These data are not National Statistics

Publications

Social Focus on Disability 2004 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2004/08/19818/41697

Social Focus on Women and Men 2002 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/stats/sfwm/docs/sfwm-00.asp

Sports Participation in Scotland 2001 Sportsotland (Published 2002) http://www.sportscotland.org.uk/ChannelNavigation/Resource+Library/Publications/Sports+Participation+in+Scotland+2001.htm

Web Link

sportscotland http://www.sportscotland.org.uk/

Excellence in Sport: Disability & Gender

The World Class Performance Programme ( WCPP) is a Lottery funded programme (administered by UK Sport), aimed at providing support for the UK's top athletes in the Olympic sports.

There were 44 Scottish athletes in the WCPP in 2006. Forty-eight per cent were male and non-disabled, 30% were female and non-disabled, 14% were male and disabled and 9% were female and disabled (it should be noted that these percentages are based on very small numbers; a total of 44 people).

Source: UK Sport
Note: 1. These data are not National Statistics

Publications

Social Focus on Disability 2004 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2004/08/19818/41697

Social Focus on Women and Men 2002 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/stats/sfwm/docs/sfwm-00.asp

Web Link

UK Sport http://www.uksport.gov.uk/

Physical Activity

It should be noted that definition of recommend physical activity levels used in the Scottish Health Survey ( SHS) differs slightly from the definition used in the Health Education Population Survey ( HEPS) (used elsewhere in this publication) and as such data from the surveys are not directly comparable. The Scottish Health Survey uses Scottish Executive's definition of recommended levels of physical activity i.e. bodily movement that results in the expenditure of energy. The recommended level of physical activity is defined as participation in 30 minutes or more of moderate to vigorous activity on at least five days a week.

Physical Activity: Age

Adults - key summary findings from the Scottish Health Survey 2003 for the adult population include the following:

• The proportion of the population participating in physical activity, for at least 15 minutes in the last four weeks, increased from 80% in 1998 to 83% in 2003 for men, and from 80% to 82% for women aged 16 to 74 years. These increases were due to a higher prevalence of walking and sports and exercise.
• The proportions of men and women aged 16 to 74 years meeting the physical activity recommendations (30 minutes of at least moderate exercise on most days of the week) increased considerably from 41% in 1998 to 44% in 2003 for men, and from 30% in 1998 to 33% in 2003 for women. Increases in physical activity participation were particularly marked for men and women aged 55 to 74 years.
• The proportion of men with high activity levels decreased markedly with age from 59% among men aged 16 to 24 years, to 13% among men aged 75 years and over.
• The proportion of women with high activity levels remained stable between the ages of 16 and 54 years (35-40%) and decreased thereafter to 6% among women aged 75 years and over.

Children - key summary findings from the Scottish Health Survey 2003 for children include the following:

• Seventy-four per cent of boys and 63% of girls aged 2 to 15 years participated in physical activity for 60 minutes or more on 7 days a week (the level of activity currently recommended for children). The Scottish Executive's long-term target is for 80% of children to meet the recommendations.
• A further 12% of boys and 18% of girls participated for at least 30 minutes on 7 days (which is the recommended target for children who are currently inactive).
• Overall activity levels declined with age among girls (but not among boys) after the age of 8 to 10 years. By age 13 to 15 years, only 41% of girls did at least 60 minutes' physical activity on 7 days. In contrast, the percentage of 13 to 15 year old boys who did so remained high at 68%.
• Boys' activity levels did not vary to any great extent by socio-demographic factors. In contrast, there was a tendency for girls' activity levels to increase as household income decreased, and as area deprivation increased.

Publications

Social Focus on Women and Men 2002 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/stats/sfwm/docs/sfwm-00.asp

Scottish Health Survey 2003 (Published 2005) http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2005/11/25145024/50251