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Publication - Research and analysis

Improving Our Understanding of Seabird Behaviour at Sea

Published
30 June 2022
From
Director-General Net Zero
Directorate
Marine Directorate
Topic
Energy, Environment and climate change, Marine and fisheries
ISBN
9781804352175

This project collated tracking data from five seabird species thought to be vulnerable to offshore wind farms. These data were analysed to understand whether seabird distribution data, usually undertaken in daytime, good weather conditions, were representative of behaviour in other conditions.

View supporting documents Supporting documents

7.5 Appendix AE: Effects of wind speed on step length (speed)

7.5.1 Northern Gannet

Figure A72: For Gannet, simple relationships of wind speed and step length for states 1, 2 and 3 (floating, commuting and foraging/searching); wind speeds are standardised (see methods) for each colony.
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A73: For Gannet, simple relationships of wind speed and step length for states 1, 2 and 3 (floating, commuting and foraging/searching) for the Bass Rock model in 2012.
described in body of report
Figure A74: For Gannet, effects of wind speed and direction of travel alignment to wind direction (angular_osc) on commuting step length, showing patterns of step length over increasing (a) wind speed and (b) angular_osc; note wind speed is here adjusted to be ws/10 to allow model convergence and also include a wind strength effect on angular covariates – see methods); thus a mean 'ws' for this site as 0.59 is 5.9 m/s.
described in body of report
Figure A75: For Gannet, effects of wind speed and direction of travel alignment to wind direction (angular_osc) on commuting step length, showing patterns of step length over increasing (a) wind speed and (b) angular_osc; note wind speed is here adjusted to be ws/10 to allow model convergence and also include a wind strength effect on angular covariates – see methods); thus a mean 'ws' for this site as 0.63 is 6.3 m/s.
described in body of report

7.5.2 Lesser Black-backed Gull

Figure A76: For Lesser Black-backed Gull, simple relationships of wind speed and step length for states 1, 2 and 3 (floating, commuting and foraging/searching).
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A77: For Lesser Black-backed Gull, effects of wind speed and direction of travel alignment to wind direction (angular_osc) on commuting step length, showing patterns of step length over increasing wind speed and angular_osc; note wind speed is here adjusted to be ws/10 to allow model convergence and also include a wind strength effect on angular covariates – see methods); thus a mean 'ws' as 0.46 is 4.6 m/s.
described in body of report

7.5.3 Black-legged Kittiwake

Figure A78: For Kittiwake, effects of wind speed and direction of travel alignment to wind direction (angular_osc) on commuting step length, showing patterns of step length over increasing wind speed and angular_osc; note wind speed is here adjusted to be ws/10 to allow model convergence and also include a wind strength effect on angular covariates – see methods); thus a mean 'ws' as 0.46 is 4.6 m/s.
described in body of report
described in body of report

7.5.4 Razorbill

Figure A79: For Razorbill, simple relationships of wind speed and step length for states 1, 2 and 3 (floating, commuting and foraging/searching). Wind speed is fitted as a standardised variable.
described in body of report
described in body of report

7.5.5 Common Guillemot

Figure A80: For Guillemot, simple relationships of wind speed and step length for states 1, 2 and 3 (floating, commuting and foraging/searching) for (a) Puffin Island and (b) Isle of May.
described in body of report
Figure A81: For Guillemot, simple relationships of wind speed and step length for states 1, 2 and 3 (floating, commuting and foraging/searching) in relation to (a) Colonsay inc. diving. Wind speed is fitted as a standardised variable.
described in body of report

Contact

Email: ScotMER@gov.scot

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