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Publication - Research and analysis

Improving Our Understanding of Seabird Behaviour at Sea

Published
30 June 2022
From
Director-General Net Zero
Directorate
Marine Directorate
Topic
Energy, Environment and climate change, Marine and fisheries
ISBN
9781804352175

This project collated tracking data from five seabird species thought to be vulnerable to offshore wind farms. These data were analysed to understand whether seabird distribution data, usually undertaken in daytime, good weather conditions, were representative of behaviour in other conditions.

View supporting documents Supporting documents

7.8 Appendix AH: Utilisation distributions

7.8.1 Northern Gannet

Figure A94: For Gannet, utilisation distributions at Alderney (across each state) showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class.
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A95: For Gannet, utilisation distributions at Bass Rock (across each state) showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class
described in body of report
described in body of report

7.8.2 Lesser Black-backed Gull

Figure A96: For Lesser Black-backed Gull, utilisation distributions at Walney showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A97: For Lesser Black-backed Gull, utilisation distributions at Skokholm showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class.
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A98: For Lesser Black-backed Gull, utilisation distributions at Orford Ness showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class.
described in body of report
described in body of report

7.8.3 Black-legged Kittiwake

Figure A99: For Kittiwake, utilisation distributions at the Isle of May showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class.
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A100: For Kittiwake, utilisation distributions at Colonsay (across each state) showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class.
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A101: For Kittiwakes, utilisation distributions at Bempton Clilffs showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class.
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A102: For Kittiwake, utilisation distributions at Orkney (across each state) showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class.
described in body of report
described in body of report

7.8.4 Razorbill

Figure A103: For Razorbill, utilisation distributions at Colonsay showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class.
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A104: For Razorbill, utilisation distributions at Puffin Island showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A105: For Razorbill, utilisation distributions at the Isle of May showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A106: For Razorbill, utilisation distributions at Colonsay (based on HMMs using TDR data) showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class.
described in body of report
described in body of report

7.8.5 Common Guillemot

Figure A107: For Guillemot, utilisation distributions at the Colonsay (across each state) showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class.
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A108: For Guillemot, utilisation distributions for at Puffin Island showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class.
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A109: For Guillemot, utilisation distributions at Fowlsheugh showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class.
described in body of report
described in body of report
Figure A110: For Guillemot, utilisation distributions at the Isle of May showing the 50% kernel density estimate ( KDE, red, 'core'), 75% KDE (orange), and 95% KDE (yellow, 'total') distribution split by day and night (local sunrise and sunset) and high and low wind conditions (split by a threshold of 8 m/s at the GPS fix level); map inset shows location; 'N' = number of birds and 'fixes' = no GPS points in each class.
described in body of report
described in body of report

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