Long Term Monitoring of Health Inequalities: Headline Indicators – October 2014

Cancer deaths by type

Mortality rates by income-employment index decile are presented below for each of the four most common types of cancer.

Prostate cancer deaths (males only) aged 45-74 years

Prostate cancer mortality rates have reduced slightly over time, from 39.0 deaths per 100,000 population in 1997 to 29.4 per 100,000 in 2012. Levels of both relative and absolute inequality have been low throughout this period, with variation in which areas have seen the highest rates. In some years, mortality rates were higher in the least deprived areas than the most deprived areas. The absolute range has not exceeded 20 deaths per 100,000 since 1998.

Prostate cancer mortality trend tables

Scale/ context

	Number of deaths	Target population size	Rate per 100,000 (EASR)
1997	272	777,554	39.0
1998	260	784,561	37.3
1999	289	791,405	40.6
2000	276	798,634	38.9
2001	270	808,259	37.7
2002	285	818,160	39.3
2003	274	828,737	37.3
2004	292	840,971	39.6
2005	246	853,706	32.8
2006	254	866,473	33.0
2007	265	881,417	34.5
2008	259	896,220	32.7
2009	258	910,517	32.2
2010	253	925,186	30.7
2011	252	939,372	30.5
2012	250	950,729	29.4

Inequalities

	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012
RII	0.37	0.51	0.23	0.21	0.07	0.36	0.38	0.02	0.10	0.46	0.02	0.12	0.20	0.32	0.09	0.29
Most deprived decile rate	37.6	48.7	29.6	33.2	34.4	51.2	46.2	49.8	31.1	30.8	38.4	40.0	29.9	48.2	42.5	37.9
Least deprived decile rate	48.2	25.8	42.4	32.8	35.1	31.2	31.1	47.2	30.7	23.1	41.5	25.1	21.6	36.4	33.5	23.4
Absolute range	10.6	22.9	12.8	0.4	0.7	20.0	15.1	2.6	0.3	7.7	3.2	14.9	8.3	11.8	9.0	14.5

The RII value has been italicised to indicate years in which higher mortality rates were observed in less deprived areas.

Breast cancer deaths (females only) aged 45-74 years

Deaths from breast cancer have also fallen, from 76.3 per 100,000 population in 1997 to 56.6 per 100,000 in 2012. There have been very low levels of both relative and absolute inequality throughout this period, most recently (in 2012) with only three more deaths per 100,000 population reported in the least deprived areas compared to the most deprived (60.4 per 100,000, compared to 57.5 per 100,000). In some years, mortality rates are higher in the most deprived areas; in others, rates are higher in the least deprived areas; while, in some years, the differences between rates in the most and least deprived areas are negligible.

Breast cancer mortality trend tables

Scale/ context

	Number of deaths	Target population size	Rate per 100,000 (EASR)
1997	653	858,036	76.3
1998	642	862,150	74.6
1999	634	866,719	73.4
2000	612	872,026	70.6
2001	612	879,163	70.2
2002	583	887,981	66.2
2003	615	898,375	69.1
2004	578	910,066	64.3
2005	591	921,159	64.9
2006	571	932,909	62.6
2007	563	945,903	60.7
2008	506	960,654	54.0
2009	505	975,176	53.1
2010	503	989,040	52.1
2011	551	1,001,881	56.3
2012	562	1,013,474	56.6

Inequalities

	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012
RII	0.01	0.16	0.17	0.03	0.14	0.03	0.06	0.35	0.30	0.06	0.29	0.06	0.30	0.14	0.22	0.06
Most deprived decile rate	78.3	85.2	73.5	54.8	61.4	62.7	70.6	93.3	62.0	71.7	74.1	48.2	61.6	57.3	57.4	57.5
Least deprived decile rate	77.0	64.5	76.1	65.5	53.5	71.5	88.4	57.1	44.0	76.0	49.6	54.0	45.7	50.2	61.8	60.4
Absolute range	1.3	20.7	2.6	10.7	7.9	8.8	17.7	36.3	18.0	4.3	24.5	5.8	15.9	7.1	4.5	3.0

The RII value has been italicised to indicate years in which higher mortality rates were observed in less deprived areas.

Cancer of the trachea, bronchus and lung deaths aged 45-74 years

Deaths from cancer of the trachea, bronchus and lung have steadily decreased over time, from a rate of 160.2 per 100,000 population in 1997 to 120.0 per 100,000 in 2012 (a fall of 25%). Throughout this period, mortality rates have been around four to five times higher in the most deprived areas compared to the least deprived. While the absolute gap between the most and least deprived areas has fluctuated, relative inequality has increased over the long term and reached its highest level in 2012. There were 245.8 deaths per 100,000 population in the most deprived areas, compared to 55.3 per 100,000 in the least deprived, in 2012.

Cancer of the trachea, bronchus and lung mortality trend tables

Scale/ context

	Number of deaths	Target population size	Rate per 100,000 (EASR)
1997	2,530	1,635,590	160.2
1998	2,430	1,646,711	153.1
1999	2,402	1,658,124	150.9
2000	2,309	1,670,660	144.4
2001	2,334	1,687,422	145.4
2002	2,421	1,706,141	149.4
2003	2,206	1,727,112	134.5
2004	2,244	1,751,037	135.2
2005	2,240	1,774,865	133.7
2006	2,262	1,799,382	134.0
2007	2,258	1,827,320	131.7
2008	2,254	1,856,874	129.5
2009	2,275	1,885,693	129.0
2010	2,205	1,914,226	123.4
2011	2,257	1,941,253	125.3
2012	2,205	1,964,203	120.0

Inequalities

	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012
RII	1.25	1.42	1.31	1.27	1.32	1.28	1.48	1.43	1.47	1.47	1.51	1.53	1.49	1.52	1.44	1.59
Most deprived decile rate	291.3	286.4	268.6	257.1	256.7	258.2	271.5	252.4	250.9	273.5	262.8	264.0	260.9	246.7	242.7	245.8
Least deprived decile rate	73.9	63.0	70.3	71.3	63.6	74.1	54.4	60.4	67.2	61.8	54.7	56.5	61.6	55.4	67.8	55.3
Absolute range	217.4	223.4	198.3	185.8	193.1	184.1	217.1	192.0	183.7	211.7	208.1	207.5	199.3	191.3	174.9	190.5

Colorectal cancer deaths aged 45-74 years

Between 1997 and 2012, colorectal cancer mortality rates fell by 29% to 37.3 deaths per 100,000 population. Despite consistently higher rates in the most deprived areas - in 2012 there were 51.8 per 100,000 population compared to 29.6 per 100,000 in the least deprived - inequalities, since 1997, have fluctuated considerably in both relative and absolute terms.

Colorectal cancer mortality trend tables

Scale/ context

	Number of deaths	Target population size	Rate per 100,000 (EASR)
1997	825	1,635,590	52.2
1998	813	1,646,711	51.2
1999	792	1,658,124	49.7
2000	743	1,670,660	46.5
2001	753	1,687,422	46.8
2002	752	1,706,141	46.2
2003	735	1,727,112	44.7
2004	712	1,751,037	43.0
2005	738	1,774,865	43.8
2006	702	1,799,382	41.4
2007	709	1,827,320	41.3
2008	762	1,856,874	43.7
2009	726	1,885,693	40.9
2010	647	1,914,226	35.9
2011	666	1,941,253	36.6
2012	687	1,964,203	37.3

Inequalities

	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012
RII	0.31	0.12	0.09	0.45	0.20	0.17	0.19	0.69	0.19	0.30	0.26	0.71	0.25	0.57	0.50	0.54
Most deprived decile rate	60.3	55.5	47.3	52.6	64.7	51.2	49.1	58.0	39.4	43.9	55.3	56.7	45.1	52.0	49.1	51.8
Least deprived decile rate	49.9	42.3	40.4	31.2	42.9	44.4	44.7	28.6	33.2	25.5	33.5	35.1	32.4	25.7	26.3	29.6
Absolute range	10.5	13.2	6.9	21.4	21.8	6.8	4.4	29.4	6.2	18.5	21.7	21.6	12.7	26.3	22.8	22.3