We use cookies to collect anonymous data to help us improve your site browsing experience.

Click 'Accept all cookies' to agree to all cookies that collect anonymous data. To only allow the cookies that make the site work, click 'Use essential cookies only.' Visit 'Set cookie preferences' to control specific cookies.

Set cookie preferences

Your cookie preferences have been saved. You can change your cookie settings at any time.

Publication - Research and analysis

Negative Emissions Technologies (NETS): Feasibility Study - Technical Appendices

Published
30 November 2023
Directorate
Energy and Climate Change Directorate
Topic
Economy, Energy, Environment and climate change
ISBN
9781835216576

Technical annex for study that estimates the maximum Negative Emissions Technologies (NETs) potential achievable in Scotland, 2030 - 2050.

View supporting documents Supporting documents

Table of tables

Table 1: Selection of existing carbon capture equipped bioethanol plants in Europe and USA in 2021/22

Table 2: Planned CO2 capture at bioethanol production sites

Table 3: List of UK-based biofuel projects that failed to pass Phase 2 of the CCUS fund

Table 4: List of currently operational bio-gasification and bio-syngas plants

Table 5: List of planned BECCS Hydrogen projects outside of the UK

Table 6: List of planned BECCS Hydrogen projects within the UK

Table 7: Breakdown in DAC pilot plants currently operational

Table 8: Breakdown in DAC projects that are under development

Table 9: List of global planned biochar projects

Table 10: Breakdown in TRL description

Table 11. Biomass conversion technologies

Table 12. Types of carbon capture methods

Table 13. Types of CO2 capture technologies

Table 14: Breakdown in energy demands and carbon removal for each DACCS technology

Table 15. International NETs policy support

Table 16: Chemical and energy properties of biogenic and non-biogenic fuels

Table 17: Solid biomass resource; current, 2030 and 2045 projections

Table 18: Non-solid biomass resource; current, 2030 and 2045 projections

Table 19: Non-solid biomass resource; current, 2030 and 2045 projections, table presented in MWh

Table 20: Breakdown in typical CO2 transportation and storage costs

Table 21: Breakdown in typical CO2 transportation and storage costs according to the IEAGHG

Table 22: Transport costs used in the LCOC analysis

Table 23: Storage costs used in the LCOC analysis

Table 24. Costs of different BECCS power technology types

Table 25: Breakdown in CAPEX for two EfW-CCS combustion plants in the Netherlands[77]

Table 26. TRL of applying CO2 capture to industrial sectors

Table 27: Breakdown of costs for cement, wood-based products, and fermentation with CCS

Table 28: Breakdown of gasification costs to produce hydrogen.

Table 29: Breakdown in SMR-CCS and ATR-CCS costs

Table 30: Breakdown in biomass and waste gasification costs to produce biomethane

Table 31: Breakdown in biomass and waste anaerobic digestion costs produce biomethane

Table 32: Composition of gas pre- and post- biogas upgrading

Table 33: Breakdown in DACCS costs for different configurations

Table 34: Breakdown in biochar costs provided by Shackley et al

Table 35: Costs and GHG footprints associated with biofuel production

Table 36: Fermentation and other capturable CO2 from bioethanol production

Table 37: NETs potential per year; all values are in MtCO2

Table 38: CAPEX per year, all values are in £M

Table 39: OPEX per year, all values are in £M

Table 40: A list of sites disregarded from our analysis

Table 41: BECCS Biomethane data point summary

Table 42: BECCS Power data point summary

Table 43: BECCS Industry data point summary

Table 44: BECCS AD data point summary

Table 45: BECCS Fermentation data point summary

Table 46: BECCS EfW/ACT data point summary

Table 47: Fermentation CO2 production rates comparison

Table 48: BECCS Power and Industry (wood) CO2 production rates comparison

Table 49: Waste input rate comparison of EfW/ACT sites

Table 50: EfW/ACT CO2 production potential comparison

Table 51: A breakdown in parameters used to model NETs carbon capture potential

Table 52: A breakdown in the definitions of the various parameters used to determine LCOC

Table 53: OPEX and CAPEX comparison used in modelling

Table 54: Figures used to convert costs into British Pounds Sterling and scaled for inflation

Table 55: proposed CCUS projects located in the UK

Table 56: List of existing and proposed EfW sites in Scotland

Table 57: Projects covered by the DAC and GHG Removal technologies competition

Table 58. TRL of applying CO2 capture to steel sector

Table 59: Costs associated with steel industry BECCS

Table 60: Life cycle GWP emissions of various steel manufacturing methods

Contact

Email: NETs@gov.scot

Back to top