Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Strategy for Scotland

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RRG/SAS data

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Lindner TW, Søreide E, Nilsen OB, Torunn MW, Lossius HM. Good outcome in every fourth resuscitation attempt is achievable-An Utstein template report from the Stavanger region. Resuscitation 2011;82:1508-13

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Eisenberg MS, Horwood BT, Cummins RO, Reynolds-Haertle R, Hearne TR. Cardiac arrest and resuscitation: a tale of 29 cities. Annals of Emergency Medicine 1990;19:179-86

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Herlitz J, Bahr J, Fischer M, Kuisma M, Lexow K, Thorgeirsson G. Resuscitation in Europe: a tale of five European regions. Resuscitation 1999;41:121-31

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Perkins GD, Cooke MW. Variability in cardiac arrest survival: the NHS Ambulance Service Quality Indicators. Emerg Med J 2011;29:3-5

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http://www.kingcounty.gov/healthservices/health/ems/~/media/health/publichealth/documents/ems/2013AnnualReport.ashx

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Hasegawa K, Tsugawa Y, Camargo CA Jr., Hiraide A, Brown DFM. Regional variability in survival outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: The All-Japan Utstein Registry. Resuscitation 2013;84:1099-107

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Stromsoe A, Svensson L, Axelsson AB, Claesson A, Goransson KE, Nordberg P, et al. Improved outcome in Sweden after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and possible association with improvements in every link in the chain of survival. Eur Heart J 2014

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RRG unpublished

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Nielsen N, Wetterslev J, Cronberg T. Targeted temperature management at 33 C versus 36 C after cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med 2013; 369:2197-2206

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Cronberg T, Lilja G, Rundgren M, Friberg H, Widner H. Long-term neurological outcome after cardiac arrest and therapeutic hypothermia. Resuscitation 2009;80:1119-23

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Saner H, Borner Rodriguez E, Kummer-Bangerter A, Schüppel R, Planta von M. Quality of life in long-term survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2002;53:7-13

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Horsted TI, Rasmussen LS, Meyhoff CS, Nielsen SL. Long-term prognosis after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2007;72:214-8

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Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Adams RJ, Berry JD, Brown TM, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2011 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2011;123:e18-e209

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Sasson C, Rogers MAM, Dahl J, Kellermann AL. Predictors of survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2010;3:63-81

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Davis R. Many lives are lost across the US because emergency services fail. USA Today. 2003. Available at: www.usatoday.com/news/nation/ems-day1-cover.htm Updated May 20, 2005. Accessed Monday; March 16, 2015

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Wissenberg M, Lippert FK, Folke F, Weeke P, Hansen CM, Christensen EF, et al. Association of National Initiatives to Improve Cardiac Arrest Management With Rates of Bystander Intervention and Patient Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. Jama 2013;310:1377

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The Resuscitation Research Group, Edinburgh 2015, based around the Chain of Survival

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Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). Guideline 94: Cardiac Arrhythmias in Coronary Heart Disease. February 2007. (Currently under review) - http://www.sign.ac.uk/pdf/sign94.pdf

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Emergency Medical Response and the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service, HM Fire Service Inspectorate. http://www.gov.scot/Resource/0046/00460152.pdf

21

British Heart Foundation, Nation of Lifesavers. https://www.bhf.org.uk/heart-health/nation-of-lifesavers.aspx

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Resuscitation Research Group, Edinburgh 2014

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The Scottish Government Urban Rural Classification subdivides the population into: Large Urban Areas (39.1%); Other Urban Areas (30.4%); Accessible Small Towns (8.7%); Remote Small Towns (3.7%); Accessible Rural (11.6%); Remote Rural (6.5%). 'Accessible Rural' is defined as areas with a population of less than 3,000 people and within 30 minutes drive of a settlement of 10,000 or more. In 'Remote Rural' areas the drive time is over 30 minutes

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YouGov online poll commissioned by British Heart Foundation. Total sample size was 2,072 UK adults. Fieldwork was undertaken between 12-14 September 2014. All figures have been weighted and are representative of all UK adults (age 18+).