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Publication - Statistics

Pesticide Usage in Scotland: Arable crops and Potato stores 2022

Published
13 December 2023
From
Cabinet Secretary for Rural Affairs, Land Reform and Islands
Directorate
Agriculture and Rural Economy Directorate
Topic
Farming and rural
ISBN
9781835217191

This publication presents information from a survey of pesticide use on Arable crops and Potato stores in Scotland during 2022.

View supporting documents Supporting documents

Appendix 1 – Estimated application tables

Table 1 Percentage of each crop treated with pesticides and mean number of spray applications – 2022
Crop Fungicides Herbicides(1) Insecticides(2) Molluscicide Sulphur Growth regulators Any pesticide exc. STs STs Any pesticide inc. STs
  % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % %
Winter barley 97 2.5 89 2.1 22 1.0 2 1.0 2 1.0 87 1.8 97 4.0 87 97
Spring barley 93 1.8 93 1.5 3 1.0 0 0.0 2 1.0 42 1.4 95 2.5 83 97
Winter wheat 95 3.5 94 2.3 23 1.0 11 1.2 5 1.2 93 2.0 96 5.1 91 98
Spring wheat 92 2.7 92 1.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 7 5.0 92 1.2 99 3.5 92 99
Winter oats 96 2.5 91 2.3 17 1.0 5 1.0 0 0.0 93 1.5 96 4.2 86 98
Spring oats 78 1.8 76 1.5 8 1.0 0 0.0 2 1.2 71 1.2 81 2.7 55 83
Winter rye 84 2.2 90 1.3 17 1.0 11 1.0 0 0.0 96 1.6 96 3.2 57 96
Oilseeds(3) 98 2.7 94 3.0 80 1.9 34 1.2 0 0.0 16 1.0 100 6.1 61 100
Seed potatoes 100 8.2 100 2.2 97 5.4 20 1.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 100 10.2 75 100
Ware potatoes 99 10.3 99 2.2 46 2.1 60 3.0 0 0.0 12 1.0 99 13.7 89 99
Legumes(4) 84 1.5 88 2.1 12 1.0 0 0.0 3 2.0 0 0.0 91 3.5 0 91
Total arable crops(5) 94 2.8 93 1.9 19 1.9 8 1.7 2 1.1 56 1.7 96 4.1 82 97

(1) Includes desiccants.

(2) Includes nematicides.

(3) Includes linseed, spring and winter oilseed rape.

(4) Includes field beans and dry harvest peas.

(5) Includes triticale.

Note: STs = seed treatments.

The average number of spray applications is calculated only on the areas receiving each pesticide group and therefore the minimum number of applications is always one (see Appendix 3 – definitions

Table 2 Cereal seed treatment formulations – 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Seed treatments Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2022(1) Total 2020(2,3)
  ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Cypermethrin 0 0 0 0 336 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 336 42 1,625 202
Difenoconazole/ fludioxonil/ tebuconazole 2,097 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,097 49 0 0
Fludioxonil 3,515 8 10,524 4 51,891 49 989 77 6,204 74 8,192 44 82,354 817 77,725 774
Fludioxonil/ fluxapyroxad/ triticonazole 665 2 0 0 2,318 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,498 126 0 0
Fludioxonil/ sedaxane 0 0 638 <0.5 15,477 15 0 0 0 0 684 4 16,799 324 9,155 181
Fluopyram/ prothioconazole/ tebuconazole 15,929 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15,929 285 10,955 201
Imazalil/ ipconazole 10,172 23 88,800 38 4,799 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 103,771 1,457 46,853 636
Ipconazole 0 0 2,819 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,819 12 0 0
Prothioconazole 457 1 9,296 4 2,977 3 0 0 259 3 0 0 13,175 261 23,909 463
Prothioconazole/ tebuconazole 5,542 13 81,398 34 17,044 16 201 16 0 0 1,404 8 106,113 2,426 188,094 4,257
Silthiofam 0 0 0 0 5,610 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,610 288 6,381 330
Unspecified seed treatment(4) 134 <0.5 3,154 1 1,741 2 0 0 796 9 0 0 5,826 [z] 34,397 [z]
All seed treatments 38,510 87 196,629 83 102,194 91 1,190 92 7,259 86 10,280 55 360,327 6,088 402,746 7,091
No information seed treatment(4) 1,961 4 3,218 1 3,883 4 0 0 193 2 7 <0.5 10,282 [z] 12,631 [z]
No seed treatment 3,702 8 35,966 15 5,820 5 101 8 984 12 8,425 45 57,234 [z] 23,857 [z]
Area grown 44,173 235,813 105,827 1,291 8,436 18,713 421,772   434,443

and notes for details).

(1) Includes winter rye and triticale.

(2) Includes winter rye. Winter rye data is available in excel format in the published supporting document.

(3) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

(4) Refer to Appendix 3 for definitions.

Note: some shorthand is used in this table: [z] = not applicable.

Table 3 Cereal insecticide and molluscicide formulations - 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Insecticides Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2022(1) Total 2020(2,3)
  ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Esfenvalerate 5,898 13 0 0 9,404 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 15,303 63 8,502 33
Flonicamid 0 0 0 0 800 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 800 34 0 0
Lambda-cyhalothrin 4,013 9 7,162 3 14,929 14 0 0 1,456 17 1,416 8 30,214 148 51,871 240
All insecticides 9,911 22 7,162 3 25,133 23 0 0 1,456 17 1,416 8 46,316 245 63,269 291
Molluscicides    
Ferric phosphate 561 1 0 0 13,399 10 0 0 454 5 0 0 14,415 1,488 16,631 1,814
Metaldehyde 297 1 0 0 866 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,948 193 5,977 327
All molluscicides 858 2 0 0 14,265 11 0 0 454 5 0 0 16,363 1,680 22,608 2,141
Area grown 44,173 235,813 105,827 1,291 8,436 18,713 421,772   434,443

(1) Includes winter rye and triticale.

(2) Includes winter rye. Winter rye data is available in excel format in the published supporting document.

(3) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

Table 4 Cereal fungicide and sulphur formulations - 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2022(1) Total 2020(2,3)
  ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Azoxystrobin 202 <0.5 4,178 2 7,669 7 817 39 1,270 15 319 2 15,209 1,709 15,478 1,466
Azoxystrobin/ cyproconazole 0 0 0 0 4,523 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,523 614 5,755 840
Benzovindiflupyr 2,398 5 15,059 6 7,306 7 135 10 0 0 0 0 26,567 1,271 14,112 718
Benzovindiflupyr/ prothioconazole 3,853 9 8,089 3 542 1 201 16 0 0 1,426 8 14,132 1,890 6,045 709
Bixafen 836 2 2,473 1 1,360 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,668 160 41,196 1,062
Bixafen/ fluopyram 896 2 3,190 1 1,184 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,269 536 185 26
Bixafen/ fluopyram/ prothioconazole 5,225 12 4,526 2 5,012 4 617 24 428 5 241 1 16,049 3,062 4,974 1,455
Bixafen/ fluoxastrobin/ prothioconazole 0 0 0 0 787 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 787 166 11,888 2,810
Bixafen/ prothioconazole 5,079 7 13,771 5 141 <0.5 101 4 428 5 1,211 6 20,731 2,338 34,832 3,946
Bixafen/ prothioconazole/ spiroxamine 11,026 22 31,285 12 19,245 18 135 10 1,699 19 4,436 24 70,215 24,191 45,675 17,217
Bixafen/ prothioconazole/ tebuconazole 0 0 0 0 1,967 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,967 525 5,882 1,553
Boscalid 0 0 0 0 19,544 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 19,544 3,910 0 0
Bromuconazole/ tebuconazole 0 0 0 0 11,172 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 11,499 2,120 7,125 1,751
Cyflufenamid 4,981 10 5,627 2 12,220 10 295 23 6,492 76 2,359 12 32,565 300 34,845 292
Cyprodinil 7,859 17 8,440 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16,298 3,898 26,936 5,603
Fenpicoxamid 0 0 0 0 13,375 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 13,375 871 0 0
Fenpicoxamid/ Prothioconazole 0 0 0 0 25,308 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 25,752 4,240 0 0
Fluoxastrobin/ prothioconazole 0 0 465 <0.5 8,823 8 402 16 0 0 282 2 9,973 1,494 11,026 1,614
Fluoxastrobin/ prothioconazole/ trifloxystrobin 6,918 11 47,045 14 196 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 54,159 6,776 67,861 8,605
Fluxapyroxad 5,110 11 26,284 10 28,927 22 0 0 0 0 549 3 60,870 2,029 62,675 2,439
Fluxapyroxad/ mefentrifluconazole 4,949 10 34,907 15 45,251 35 0 0 85 1 1,006 5 86,305 10,226 28,482 3,311
Fluxapyroxad/ metconazole 0 0 2,543 1 2,119 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,662 369 1,150 121
Fluxapyroxad/ pyraclostrobin 9,205 16 20,279 8 25,468 16 372 18 0 0 234 1 56,205 6,898 33,858 4,994
Folpet 45,476 70 201,091 74 155,068 73 671 42 0 0 0 0 402,305 201,293 237,775 111,591
Laminarin 0 0 0 0 6,723 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,723 179 0 0
Mancozeb 0 0 0 0 21,270 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 21,270 20,765 18,602 15,175
Mefentrifluconazole 2,722 5 8,740 4 33,647 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 45,108 3,836 21,300 1,636
Mefentrifluconazole/ pyraclostrobin 227 1 585 <0.5 27,395 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 28,208 5,122 0 0
Metconazole 0 0 908 <0.5 2,752 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,660 219 1,956 106
Metrafenone 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 636 8 446 2 1,083 61 300 19
Prochloraz 0 0 0 0 2,188 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,188 545 0 0
Prochloraz/ tebuconazole 0 0 0 0 5,883 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,883 1,928 11,401 4,377
Proquinazid 2,559 6 1,085 <0.5 7,105 6 676 28 492 6 4,595 19 17,900 476 13,446 363
Prothioconazole 16,363 27 65,276 24 45,467 37 337 26 10,097 73 5,396 19 143,292 13,303 86,392 8,201
Prothioconazole/ spiroxamine 14,442 27 41,644 15 17,720 14 194 15 1,600 17 5,551 30 84,101 21,015 75,448 16,439
Prothioconazole/ spiroxamine/ tebuconazole 1,965 4 3,683 2 1,799 2 0 0 0 0 1,037 4 8,484 2,048 4,645 781
Prothioconazole/ tebuconazole 6,936 15 65,028 25 46,213 40 251 19 947 11 1,449 8 122,396 17,265 125,925 15,894
Prothioconazole/ trifloxystrobin 6,144 11 32,991 13 4,768 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 44,364 5,581 94,890 11,553
Pyraclostrobin 1,020 2 3,538 2 9,757 8 118 5 576 7 1,089 4 17,352 1,509 3,016 245
Tebuconazole 2,925 5 2,245 1 72,629 47 1,035 52 2,840 27 1,758 7 85,746 12,295 49,627 6,727
Trifloxystrobin 4,808 10 22,991 8 460 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 28,259 1,801 27,151 1,697
All fungicides 174,124 97 677,963 93 702,982 95 6,356 92 27,591 96 33,383 78 1,639,648 388,834 1,619,439 390,727
Sulphur 846 2 5,825 2 5,847 5 448 7 0 0 440 2 13,407 21,053 9,135 38,254
Area grown 44,173 235,813 105,827 1,291 8,436 18,713 421,772   434,443

(1) Includes winter rye and triticale.

(2) Includes winter rye. Winter rye data is available in excel format in the published supporting document.

(3) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

Table 5 Cereal herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations – 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides/ desiccants Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2022(1) Total 2020(2,3)
  ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
2,4-D/MCPA 0 0 284 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 284 192 2,365 3,991
Amidosulfuron 0 0 855 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 855 26 0 0
Amidosulfuron/ iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium 175 <0.5 0 0 385 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 561 9 4,441 100
Amidosulfuron/ iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium/ mesosulfuron-methyl 0 0 0 0 3,959 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,959 136 411 15
Chlorotoluron/ diflufenican/ pendimethalin 3,479 8 5,298 2 8,040 8 135 10 0 0 0 0 16,951 19,067 16,943 18,913
Clodinafop-propargyl 0 0 0 0 19,310 16 194 15 0 0 0 0 19,848 534 6,714 181
Clopyralid 0 0 1,016 <0.5 0 0 0 0 129 2 0 0 1,284 84 1,764 123
Clopyralid/ florasulam/ fluroxypyr 1,587 4 3,040 1 4,103 3 201 16 0 0 387 2 9,318 1,527 9,216 1,378
Dicamba/ mecoprop-p 0 0 16,950 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 387 2 17,337 8,467 26,849 13,510
Dichlorprop-p/ MCPA/ mecoprop-p 0 0 1,351 1 510 <0.5 201 16 0 0 0 0 2,062 1,816 2,620 1,834
Diflufenican 8,970 20 23,486 10 26,739 25 59 5 638 8 2,254 12 64,191 3,818 65,158 4,277
Diflufenican/ florasulam 703 2 0 0 2,029 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,732 90 1,810 62
Diflufenican/ flufenacet 13,027 29 26,343 11 36,009 34 251 19 5,670 67 0 0 83,900 15,821 78,504 12,822
Diflufenican/ flufenacet/ metribuzin 467 1 0 0 1,937 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,404 496 0 0
Diflufenican/ iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium/ mesosulfuron-methyl 0 0 0 0 6,430 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,430 368 6,514 341
Diflufenican/ metsulfuron-methyl 0 0 0 0 776 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 776 40 0 0
Diflufenican/ pendimethalin 733 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 733 520 1,453 1,099
Fenoxaprop- p-ethyl 1,234 3 11,568 5 1,136 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 13,938 725 11,930 665
Florasulam 1,133 3 376 <0.5 2,521 2 0 0 227 3 0 0 4,363 20 9,712 35
Florasulam/ fluroxypyr 537 1 6,010 3 5,625 5 0 0 2,381 28 1,523 8 16,264 1,331 26,237 1,914
Florasulam/ halauxifen-methyl 6,097 14 35,051 15 21,088 20 437 34 1,590 19 0 0 64,881 431 36,794 265
Florasulam/ pyroxsulam 0 0 0 0 7,028 7 359 28 0 0 0 0 7,387 158 3,325 75
Florasulam/ tribenuron-methyl 762 2 16,592 7 1,622 2 0 0 689 8 4,022 21 23,687 380 5,458 86
Flufenacet 0 0 0 0 753 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 753 171 4,689 722
Flufenacet/ pendimethalin 362 1 147 <0.5 2,192 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,701 1,471 5,967 5,652
Flufenacet/ picolinafen 8,131 18 809 <0.5 21,732 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 33,563 6,175 19,100 3,348
Fluroxypyr 5,354 12 65,328 27 18,503 17 135 10 953 11 8,381 42 98,840 12,534 90,898 11,005
Fluroxypyr/ halauxifen-methyl 2,275 5 53,194 23 5,248 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 60,716 6,319 69,057 6,318
Fluroxypyr/ mesosulfuron-methyl/ thifensulfuron-methyl 731 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 731 104 0 0
Fluroxypyr/ metsulfuron-methyl 1,099 2 3,754 2 2,640 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 7,493 753 5,414 510
Glyphosate 20,101 45 41,151 17 23,757 20 0 0 2,949 35 4,002 18 92,476 66,457 161,783 127,410
Iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium/ mesosulfuron-methyl 0 0 0 0 9,980 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 9,980 106 13,934 149
Iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium/mesosulfuron-methyl/ thiencarbazone-methyl 0 0 0 0 75 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 2 0 0
MCPA 302 1 1,538 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,840 733 5,296 4,992
Mecoprop-p 1,215 3 26,802 11 5,729 5 59 5 1,476 18 4,965 27 40,245 27,180 76,033 47,658
Mesosulfuron-methyl/ propoxycarbazone-sodium 0 0 0 0 554 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 554 20 567 19
Metsulfuron-methyl 2,178 5 7,913 3 9,368 9 59 5 814 10 570 3 20,903 94 16,413 73
Metsulfuron-methyl/ thifensulfuron-methyl 808 2 89,476 37 7,387 7 236 18 0 0 0 0 97,907 2,717 123,867 3,558
Metsulfuron-methyl/ tribenuron-methyl 5,996 14 24,506 10 10,747 10 0 0 731 9 2,611 14 45,456 336 51,260 396
Pendimethalin 4,986 11 3,730 2 10,752 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 19,468 15,716 21,462 16,982
Pendimethalin/ picolinafen 12,359 28 13,374 6 22,886 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 52,100 38,012 55,902 44,507
Pinoxaden 3,669 8 23,976 10 4,350 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 31,995 1,021 37,354 1,105
Prosulfocarb 2,736 6 0 0 1,709 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,446 7,105 11,018 13,217
Pyroxsulam 0 0 0 0 744 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 744 14 2,093 39
Sulfosulfuron 0 0 0 0 953 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 953 19 108 2
Thifensulfuron-methyl/ tribenuron-methyl 2,164 5 39,148 17 3,467 3 201 16 272 3 5,495 26 50,933 1,133 77,542 1,830
Tri-allate 250 1 0 0 575 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 825 1,337 484 481
Tribenuron-methyl 1,496 3 2,750 1 4,525 4 0 0 1,177 14 0 0 9,948 56 11,340 74
All herbicides/ desiccants 115,115 89 545,815 93 317,876 94 2,525 92 19,695 91 34,597 76 1,049,791 245,638 1,190,313 357,315
2-chloroethyl-phosphonic acid 9,785 20 31,839 14 26,102 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 68,240 11,225 35,921 5,938
2-chloroethyl-phosphonic acid/ chlormequat 5,324 12 5,325 2 6,540 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 17,190 8,103 16,329 6,041
2-chloroethyl-phosphonic acid/chlormequat chloride 605 1 0 0 768 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,373 684 2,510 964
2-chloroethyl-phosphonic acid/mepiquat 774 2 120 <0.5 1,811 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,352 1,215 2,644 1,005
2-chloroethyl-phosphonic acid/mepiquat chloride 1,521 3 2,797 1 2,845 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 7,164 2,991 1,549 508
Chlormequat 35,271 64 23,430 9 111,112 79 820 63 7,194 81 8,180 41 193,703 148,158 211,357 160,806
Mepiquat chloride/ prohexadione-calcium 5,344 11 16,236 7 8,466 7 0 0 3,445 37 4,240 23 37,840 5,486 44,470 8,117
Prohexadione-calcium 316 1 0 0 6,514 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 7,421 256 5,316 143
Prohexadione-calcium/ trinexapac-ethyl 4,368 10 10,837 5 7,568 5 0 0 0 0 1,067 4 24,706 793 10,776 359
Trinexapac-ethyl 31,502 56 45,314 19 114,339 76 1,140 88 6,409 70 4,328 21 209,582 7,180 170,012 5,663
All growth regulators 94,811 87 135,898 42 286,067 93 1,959 92 17,048 93 17,815 71 570,570 186,091 501,530 189,739
Area grown 44,173   235,813   105,827   1,291   8,436   18,713   421,772   434,443  

(1) Includes winter rye and triticale.

(2) Includes winter rye. Winter rye data is available in excel format in the published supporting document.

(3) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

Table 6 Oilseeds seed treatment formulations - 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Seed treatments Total 2022(1) Total 2020(2,3)
  ha % kg ha kg
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain MBI600 21,752 61 7 7,783 2
All seed treatments 21,752 61 7 22,944 93
No information seed treatment(4) 487 1 [z] 1,987 [z]
No seed treatment 13,145 37 [z] 5,862 [z]
Area grown 35,431     30,793

(1) Includes linseed, spring and winter oilseed rape.

(2) Includes spring and winter oilseed rape.

(3) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

(4) Refer to Appendix 3 for definitions.

Note: some shorthand is used in this table: [z] = not applicable.

Table 7 Oilseeds insecticide and molluscicide formulations - 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Insecticides Total 2022(1) Total 2020(2,3)
  ha % kg ha kg
Acetamiprid 1,540 4 55 656 26
Cypermethrin 208 <0.5 5 0 0
Deltamethrin 2,128 6 13 368 3
Indoxacarb 742 2 14 503 12
Lambda-cyhalothrin 36,814 63 246 26,390 182
Tau-fluvalinate 12,399 35 522 11,293 473
All insecticides 53,831 80 854 41,369 801
Molluscicides          
Ferric phosphate 13,684 34 1,395 14,546 1,754
Metaldehyde 775 2 83 5,434 384
All molluscicides 14,459 34 1,478 19,980 2,138
Area grown 35,431     30,793

(1) Includes linseed, spring and winter oilseed rape.

(2) Includes spring and winter oilseed rape.

(3) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

Table 8 Oilseeds fungicide and fungicide/growth regulator formulations - 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Total 2022(1) Total 2020(2,3)
  ha % kg ha kg
Azoxystrobin 7,658 21 1,335 4,898 701
Azoxystrobin/tebuconazole 2,363 7 643 714 217
Bixafen/prothioconazole 2,884 8 506 137 26
Bixafen/prothioconazole/ tebuconazole 5,846 12 1,136 3,549 985
Boscalid 5,495 16 1,008 4,080 671
Boscalid/dimoxystrobin 7,119 15 1,021 2,886 431
Boscalid/metconazole 3,766 10 585 7,724 1,231
Boscalid/pyraclostrobin 3,079 9 894 0 0
Difenoconazole 1,605 4 85 334 29
Fluopyram/ prothioconazole 6,804 19 1,312 9,073 1,752
Fluoxastrobin/ tebuconazole 5,522 16 1,464 2,259 534
Metconazole 3,926 11 146 3,309 71
Prothioconazole 24,920 49 2,863 24,014 2,711
Prothioconazole/ tebuconazole 27,681 52 4,562 25,499 4,133
Tebuconazole 7,591 17 1,438 6,897 1,090
All fungicides 116,260 98 18,997 99,321 15,344
Fungicide/growth regulator      
Mepiquat chloride/ prohexadione-calcium/ pyraclostrobin 6,275 15 1,894 0 0
All fungicides/growth regulators 6,275 15 1,894 0 0
Area grown 35,431     30,793

(1) Includes linseed, spring and winter oilseed rape.

(2) Includes spring and winter oilseed rape.

(3) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

Table 9 Oilseeds herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations - 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides/desiccants Total 2022(1) Total 2020(2,3)
  ha % kg ha kg
Aminopyralid/metazachlor/ picloram 2,501 7 1,802 1,776 1,264
Aminopyralid/propyzamide 2,138 6 1,602 1,163 957
Carbetamide 415 1 748 0 0
Clomazone 6,101 17 440 9,069 514
Clomazone/metazachlor 4,450 13 3,104 3,327 2,248
Clopyralid 854 2 120 1,119 113
Clopyralid/halauxifen-methyl 4,311 12 411 1,280 112
Clopyralid/picloram 27 <0.5 3 239 25
Cycloxydim 380 1 46 0 0
Dimethenamid-p/metazachlor/ quinmerac 2,235 6 1,966 3,046 3,328
Fluazifop-p-butyl 10,938 27 888 1,785 154
Glyphosate 27,441 73 34,974 21,228 29,860
Halauxifen-methyl/picloram 1,670 4 25 1,186 18
Imazamox/quinmerac 362 1 103 999 276
Metazachlor 15,623 44 10,916 14,679 9,041
Metazachlor/quinmerac 3,199 9 3,150 2,221 2,038
Propaquizafop 9,318 26 459 8,889 497
Propyzamide 12,403 35 8,390 11,663 7,821
Quizalofop-p-ethyl 4,120 12 158 8,245 287
Quizalofop-p-tefuryl 2,486 7 94 3,714 95
All herbicides/desiccants 110,972 94 69,398 97,013 59,219
Growth regulators(4)          
Mepiquat chloride/ metconazole 5,599 16 1,082 4,603 859
All growth regulators(4) 5,599 16 1,082 4,603 859
Area grown 35,431     30,793

(1) Includes linseed, spring and winter oilseed rape.

(2) Includes spring and winter oilseed rape.

(3) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

(4) Please refer to Table 8 for combined fungicide/growth regulator formulations.

Table 10 Potato seed treatment formulations - 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Seed treatments Seed potatoes Ware potatoes Total 2022 Total 2020(1)
ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Fludioxonil 1,982 17 6,118 40 8,100 524 5,218 420
Flutolanil 4,538 38 5,170 34 9,709 2,981 12,148 3,832
Imazalil 2,809 24 3,186 21 5,996 234 2,648 113
All seed treatment 9,330 75 14,475 89 23,804 3,739 25,150 4,888
No information seed treatment(2) 468 4 0 0 468 [z] 1,565 [z]
No seed treatment 2,469 21 1,658 11 4,127 [z] 2,305 [z]
Area grown 11,893 15,247 27,141   28,298

(1) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

(2) Refer to Appendix 3 for definitions.

Note: some shorthand is used in this table: [z] = not applicable.

Table 11 Potato insecticide and molluscicide formulations - 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Insecticide/molluscicide Seed potatoes Ware potatoes Total 2022 Total 2020(1)
ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Acetamiprid 10,325 68 1,591 8 11,916 584 8,033 383
Esfenvalerate 21,458 78 5,845 23 27,303 130 31,940 157
Flonicamid 6,194 32 1,334 9 7,527 584 8,033 634
Fluopyram(2) 177 1 3,221 21 3,398 805 0 0
Fosthiazate 0 0 648 4 648 1,579 744 1,873
Lambda-cyhalothrin 27,997 85 3,120 16 31,117 230 37,444 269
Spirotetramat 68 1 0 0 68 5 1,298 76
All insecticides 66,219 97 15,757 46 81,976 3,918 102,686 9,097
Molluscicide      
Ferric phosphate 4,444 20 26,909 60 31,353 3,283 36,785 4,534
All molluscicides 4,444 20 26,909 60 31,353 3,283 41,906 4,945
Area grown 11,893 15,247 27,141   28,298

(1) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

(2) Fluopyram is approved as both a fungicide and as a nematicide, the use recorded here is for nematode control.

Note: some shorthand is used in this table: [z] = not applicable.

Table 12 Potato fungicide formulations - 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicide Seed potatoes Ware potatoes Total 2022 Total 2020(1)
ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Ametoctradin 1,369 10 5,203 22 6,572 1,486 449 108
Ametoctradin/dimethomorph 5,893 43 13,685 52 19,578 8,135 16,612 6,883
Amisulbrom 6,921 42 17,729 56 24,650 2,397 21,372 1,832
Azoxystrobin 1,685 9 13,551 37 15,237 3,905 7,947 2,398
Benthiavalicarb 4,303 25 6,581 29 10,884 532 6,863 333
Benthiavalicarb/oxathiapiprolin 10,620 53 12,601 45 23,221 914 11,952 469
Benthiavalicarb isopropyl/ mancozeb 134 1 0 0 134 22 13,330 15,278
Cyazofamid 20,928 84 27,814 89 48,742 3,871 65,128 5,173
Cymoxanil 20,578 67 42,927 83 63,504 6,141 43,266 4,140
Cymoxanil/fluazinam 0 0 273 1 273 74 0 0
Cymoxanil/mancozeb 3,450 14 4,402 17 7,853 10,384 87,486 114,430
Cymoxanil/mandipropamid 677 5 375 1 1,051 271 5,287 1,361
Cymoxanil/propamocarb hydrochloride 3,514 25 3,938 18 7,453 8,018 10,879 11,596
Cymoxanil/zoxamide 3,760 14 6,879 20 10,640 3,152 4,397 1,279
Difenoconazole/mandipropamid 777 7 480 2 1,257 372 0 0
Dimethomorph 4,351 20 8,208 28 12,559 1,884 5,917 888
Dimethomorph/propamocarb hydrochloride 1,159 9 2,437 9 3,597 4,244 397 469
Dimethomorph/zoxamide 0 0 374 2 374 135 0 0
Fluazinam 7,704 35 3,463 16 11,168 4,316 10,603 3,046
Fluopicolide/propamocarb hydrochloride 7,174 33 12,874 36 20,048 19,795 21,309 23,072
Fluopyram/prothioconazole 407 3 0 0 407 51 0 0
Fluxapyroxad 0 0 660 4 660 130 0 0
Mancozeb 25,119 72 56,750 77 81,869 104,796 12,614 16,014
Mancozeb/metalaxyl-M 0 0 251 2 251 324 0 0
Mandipropamid 11,033 62 16,443 65 27,476 3,954 28,106 4,160
Oxathiapiprolin 956 8 0 0 956 14 8,052 111
All fungicides 142,512 100 257,901 99 400,413 189,319 398,601 240,046
Area grown 11,893 15,247 27,141   28,298

(1) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

Table 13 Potato herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations – 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides/desiccants Seed potatoes Ware potatoes Total 2022 Total 2020(1)
ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Aclonifen 1,764 15 4,027 26 5,791 6,066 2,473 2,589
Carfentrazone-ethyl 13,273 78 11,952 61 25,224 1,296 28,013 1,393
Clomazone 289 2 441 3 730 39 2,601 146
Clomazone/pendimethalin 1,177 10 1,453 10 2,631 1,786 2,364 1,717
Cycloxydim 54 <0.5 0 0 54 13 508 173
Flufenacet/metribuzin 1,453 12 949 6 2,401 2,237 3,075 2,856
Glyphosate 71 1 689 5 760 444 680 477
Metobromuron 7,737 65 7,145 47 14,882 16,973 11,676 12,697
Metribuzin 9,057 76 12,830 84 21,887 10,612 21,771 9,554
Pendimethalin 68 1 113 1 181 190 1,097 1,097
Propaquizafop 0 0 73 <0.5 73 5 190 10
Prosulfocarb 1,224 10 1,147 8 2,371 5,483 3,110 7,288
Pyraflufen-ethyl 11,707 76 18,062 79 29,769 426 29,733 440
Quizalofop-p-ethyl 68 1 0 0 68 4 0 0
Quizalofop-p-tefuryl 85 1 337 2 422 12 0 0
Rimsulfuron 0 0 789 5 789 8 3,472 37
All herbicides/desiccants 48,027 100 60,007 99 108,034 45,596 111,948 40,830
Growth regulators      
Maleic hydrazide 0 0 1,869 12 1,869 5,606 0 3,830
All growth regulators 0 0 1,869 12 1,869 5,606 0 3,830
Area grown 11,893 15,247 27,141   28,298

(1) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

Table 14 Legume insecticide formulations - 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Insecticides Total 2022(1) Total 2020(1)
  ha % kg ha kg
Esfenvalerate 46 2 <0.5 91 <0.5
Lambda-cyhalothrin 324 11 2 85 <0.5
All insecticides 369 12 3 175 1
Area grown 3,025     2,466

(1) Includes field beans and dry harvest peas.

No molluscicides were recorded on legumes.

Table 15 Legume fungicide formulations - 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Total 2022(1) Total 2020(1,2)
  ha % kg ha kg
Azoxystrobin 1,330 38 203 772 123
Azoxystrobin/tebuconazole 273 9 78 0 0
Benzovindiflupyr/ prothioconazole 1,066 35 142 0 0
Boscalid/pyraclostrobin 583 19 153 277 66
Metalaxyl-M 243 8 9 0 0
Metconazole 401 13 22 570 31
Tebuconazole 642 21 101 91 13
All fungicides 4,538 84 708 1,800 289
Sulphur 200 3 780 0 0
Area grown 3,025     2,466

(1) Includes field beans and dry harvest peas.

(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

Table 16 Legume herbicide/desiccant formulations - 2022
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides/desiccants Total 2022(1) Total 2020(1,2)
  ha % kg ha kg
Bentazone 533 18 499 242 244
Clomazone 785 26 54 663 38
Clomazone/pendimethalin 1,129 37 849 617 630
Glyphosate 1,847 51 2,338 1,360 1,562
Imazamox/pendimethalin 956 32 963 1,250 1,057
Pendimethalin 952 31 703 563 393
Propaquizafop 615 20 48 163 10
Prosulfocarb 314 10 588 0 0
Quizalofop-p-tefuryl 173 6 8 0 0
All herbicides/desiccants 7,304 88 6,050 5,319 3,993
Area grown 3,025     2,466

(1) Includes field beans and dry harvest peas.

(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2020 please refer to the 2020 report(3).

Table 17 Active substances encountered in the arable survey for the first time in 2022
Active substance Type(1) Area treated (ha) Weight (kg)
Fenpicoxamid F 39,127 2,285
Laminarin F 6,723 179
Thiencarbazone-methyl H 75 1

(1) Pesticide type = F: Fungicide, H: Herbicide.

Table 18 Principal active substances by area treated
Area treated (1000 ha) with the 50 most used active substances, including seed treatments, on all crops surveyed
  Active substance Type(1) 2022 2020 % change
1 Prothioconazole F/S 812 871 -7
2 Tebuconazole F 406 451 -10
3 Folpet F 402 239 69
4 Trinexapac-ethyl G 234 181 30
5 Fluxapyroxad F/S 213 150 43
6 Chlormequat G 211 228 -8
7 Fluroxypyr H 192 200 -4
8 Metsulfuron-methyl H 173 197 -12
9 Spiroxamine F 163 125 30
10 Mefentrifluconazole F 159 50 220
11 Diflufenican H 158 155 2
12 Thifensulfuron-methyl H 150 202 -26
13 Halauxifen-methyl H 131 108 21
14 Tribenuron-methyl H 130 145 -11
15 Bixafen F 128 147 -13
16 Florasulam H 128 93 38
17 Trifloxystrobin F 127 189 -33
18 Flufenacet H 123 108 14
19 Glyphosate H 123 185 -34
20 Fludioxonil S 114 94 21
21 Pyraclostrobin F & F/G 111 61 82
22 Mancozeb F 111 147 -25
23 Imazalil S 110 49 123
24 Ipconazole S 107 47 128
25 Lambda-cyhalothrin I 98 116 -15
26 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid G 97 59 65
27 Pendimethalin H 92 102 -10
28 Cymoxanil F 91 145 -37
29 Prohexadione-calcium G & F/G 76 61 26
30 Picolinafen H 75 74 2
31 Fluoxastrobin F 70 93 -24
32 Mecoprop-p H 60 107 -44
33 Ferric phosphate M 59 68 -13
34 Mepiquat chloride G & F/G 57 51 12
35 Cyazofamid F 49 65 -25
36 Fluopyram F/I/S 48 25 90
37 Azoxystrobin F 47 40 18
38 Esfenvalerate I 43 41 4
39 Benzovindiflupyr F 42 20 107
41 Fenpicoxamid F 39 0 [z]
42 Dimethomorph F 36 36 0
43 Benthiavalicarb F 34 19 81
44 Cyflufenamid F 33 35 -7
45 Pinoxaden H 32 39 -18
46 Propamocarb hydrochloride F 31 33 -5
47 Mandipropamid F 30 33 -11
48 Pyraflufen-ethyl H 30 30 0
49 Metazachlor H 28 23 20
50 Metribuzin H 27 25 7

(1) Pesticide type = F: Fungicide, G: Growth regulator, H: Herbicide, I: Insecticide, M: Molluscicide, S: Seed treatment. Note: some shorthand is used in this table: [z] = not applicable.

Table 19 Principal active substances by weight
Quantity (tonnes) of the 50 most used active substances, including seed treatments, on all crops surveyed
  Active substance Type(1) 2022 2020 % change
1 Folpet F 201 112 80
2 Chlormequat G 154 165 -7
3 Mancozeb F 136 177 -24
4 Glyphosate H 104 160 -35
5 Pendimethalin H 68 80 -15
6 Prothioconazole F/S 63 59 6
7 Mecoprop-p H 35 60 -42
8 Spiroxamine F 30 22 37
9 Propamocarb hydrochloride F 29 32 -9
10 Tebuconazole S/F 27 21 27
11 Sulphur F 22 38 -43
12 Fluroxypyr H 22 20 7
13 Flufenacet H 19 16 21
14 Metazachlor H 19 16 21
15 Metobromuron H 17 13 34
16 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid G 16 9 77
17 Prosulfocarb H 13 21 -36
18 Mefentrifluconazole F 13 4 237
19 Metribuzin H 12 11 8
20 Propyzamide H 10 9 14
21 Pyraclostrobin F & F/G 10 5 84
22 Cymoxanil F 9 14 -33
23 Diflufenican H 9 9 0
24 Mepiquat chloride G & F/G 9 8 8
25 Fluxapyroxad F/S 9 7 31
26 Chlorotoluron H 8 8 1
27 Azoxystrobin F 8 6 35
28 Trinexapac-ethyl G 8 6 30
29 Boscalid F 6 10 -37
30 Ferric phosphate M 6 8 -24
31 Ametoctradin F 6 4 52
32 Dimethomorph F 6 6 -3
33 Aclonifen H 6 3 134
34 Maleic hydrazide G 6 4 46
35 Trifloxystrobin F 6 8 -34
36 Bixafen F 5 6 -7
37 Fluazinam F 4 3 43
38 Mandipropamid F 4 5 -13
39 Cyprodinil F 4 6 -35
40 Cyazofamid F 4 5 -25
41 Thifensulfuron-methyl H 3 4 -27
42 Flutolanil S 3 4 -22
43 Picolinafen H 3 2 22
44 Fluoxastrobin F 3 4 -25
45 Fluopyram F/I/S 3 1 100
46 Amisulbrom F 2 2 31
47 Fenpicoxamid F 2 0 [z]
48 Benzovindiflupyr F 2 1 104
49 Prochloraz F 2 4 -55
50 Fluopicolide F 2 2 -14

(1) Pesticide type = F: Fungicide, G: Growth regulator, H: Herbicide, I: Insecticide, M: Molluscicide, S: Seed treatment. Note: some shorthand is used in this table: [z] = not applicable.

Table 20 Total arable crop, comparison with previous years
Pesticide usage in 2018, 2020 and 2022, area treated with formulations and active substances (a.s) and the weight (kg) applied
2018 2020 2022
  Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight
  ha ha kg ha ha kg ha ha kg
Insecticides/ nematicides 202,792 202,792 8,616 199,483 207,500 10,190 182,493 182,493 5,019
Molluscicides 75,033 75,033 8,716 88,431 84,493 9,223 62,175 62,175 6,441
Fungicides 2,128,624 3,273,378 636,729 2,128,892 3,233,754 646,406 2,160,858 3,140,709 597,858
Fungicides/ growth regulators 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,275 18,826 1,894
Sulphur 1,562 1,562 2,662 9,188 9,188 38,423 13,606 13,606 21,833
Herbicides/ desiccants 1,349,368 1,983,129 448,425 1,407,866 2,089,980 461,356 1,276,102 1,930,662 366,683
Growth regulators 454,237 548,541 190,656 507,946 590,582 194,429 578,037 674,696 192,778
Seed treatments 420,451 747,314 15,997 451,037 720,003 12,072 405,883 678,965 9,833
All pesticides 4,632,066 6,831,748 1,311,801 4,792,843 6,935,500 1,372,098 4,685,432 6,702,133 1,202,340
Total area grown (ha)(1) 489,309 496,631 487,389

(1) Total area grown for 2018 and 2020 is taken from the June Agricultural Census. As there was no Census in 2022, the Total area grown in 2022 is taken from the SAF data. Please see Appendix 4 for further information.

Note: Unspecified treatments have been included in the formulation and active substance areas, however as their weights are unknown, they cannot be included in the quantities applied. Total arable crop includes cereals, oilseeds, potatoes and legumes. It should be noted that there may be minor differences in the range of crops surveyed between years.

Table 21 Cereals, comparison with previous years
Pesticide usage in 2018, 2020 and 2022, area treated with formulations and active substances (a.s) and the weight (kg) applied
2018 2020 2022
  Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight
  ha ha kg ha ha kg ha ha kg
Insecticides 78,127 78,127 385 63,269 63,269 291 46,316 46,316 245
Molluscicides 29,439 29,439 3,322 22,608 22,608 2,141 16,363 16,363 1,680
Fungicides 1,710,838 2,659,346 450,428 1,619,439 2,496,062 390,727 1,639,648 2,455,317 388,834
Sulphur 1,339 1,339 2,261 9,135 9,135 38,254 13,407 13,407 21,053
Herbicides/ desiccants 1,130,538 1,739,063 336,584 1,190,313 1,850,821 357,315 1,049,791 1,672,423 245,638
Growth regulators 448,775 537,939 188,943 501,530 580,099 189,739 570,570 661,629 186,091
Seed treatments 365,829 666,313 8,435 402,746 671,712 7,091 360,327 633,409 6,088
All pesticides 3,764,885 5,711,567 990,358 3,809,039 5,693,705 985,558 3,696,421 5,498,863 849,630
Total area grown (ha)(1) 425,674 434,443 421,772

(1) Total area grown for 2018 and 2020 is taken from the June Agricultural Census. As there was no Census in 2022, the Total area grown in 2022 is taken from the SAF data. Please see Appendix 4 for further information.

Note: Unspecified treatments have been included in the formulation and active substance areas, however as their weights are unknown, they cannot be included in the quantities applied. Cereals crops include winter barley, spring barley, winter wheat, spring wheat, winter oats, spring oats and winter rye. It should be noted that there may be minor differences in the range of crops surveyed between years.

Table 22 Potatoes comparison with previous years
Pesticide usage in 2018, 2020 and 2022, area treated with formulations and active substances (a.s.) and the weight (kg) applied
2018 2020 2022
  Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight
  ha ha kg ha ha kg ha ha kg
Insecticides/ nematicides 90,685 90,685 7,675 102,686 102,686 9,097 81,976 81,976 3,918
Molluscicides 21,676 21,676 2,955 41,906 41,906 4,945 31,353 31,353 3,283
Fungicides 306,927 441,298 166,694 398,601 578,939 240,046 400,413 496,034 189,319
Herbicides/ desiccants 113,567 117,357 43,202 111,948 117,387 40,830 108,034 113,066 45,596
Growth regulators 323 323 775 1,277 1,277 3,830 1,869 1,869 5,606
Seed treatments 25,048 25,048 7,239 25,150 25,150 4,888 23,804 23,804 3,739
All pesticides 558,227 696,387 228,539 681,568 867,346 303,635 647,450 748,104 251,460
Total area grown (ha)(1) 27,359 28,298 27,141

(1) Total area grown for 2018 and 2020 is taken from the June Agricultural Census. As there was no Census in 2022, the Total area grown in 2022 is taken from the SAF data. Please see Appendix 4 for further information.

Note: Unspecified treatments have been included in the formulation and active substance areas, however as their weights are unknown, they cannot be included in the quantities applied. Potatoes include seed potatoes and ware potatoes.

Table 23 Oilseeds, comparison with previous years
Pesticide usage in 2018, 2020 and 2022, area treated with formulations and active substances (a.s) and the weight (kg) applied
2018 2020 2022
  Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight
  ha ha kg ha ha kg ha ha kg
Insecticides 33,353 33,353 551 41,369 41,369 801 53,831 53,831 854
Molluscicides 23,917 23,917 2,439 19,980 19,980 2,138 14,459 14,459 1,478
Fungicides 109,052 169,723 18,933 99,321 156,585 15,344 116,260 182,897 18,997
Fungicides/growth regulators 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,275 18,826 1,894
Sulphur 223 223 401 53 53 169 0 0 0
Herbicides/ desiccants 100,286 120,243 64,895 97,013 115,057 59,219 110,972 136,290 69,398
Growth regulators 5,139 10,279 938 4,603 9,206 859 5,599 11,197 1,082
Seed treatments 29,574 55,953 323 22,944 22,944 93 21,752 21,752 7
All pesticides 301,544 413,690 88,480 285,283 365,194 78,623 329,148 439,252 93,710
Total area grown (ha)(1) 32,735 30,793 35,431

(1) Total area grown for 2018 and 2020 is taken from the June Agricultural Census. As there was no Census in 2022, the Total area grown in 2022 is taken from the SAF data. Please see Appendix 4 for further information.

Note: Unspecified treatments have been included in the formulation and active substance areas, however as their weights are unknown, they cannot be included in the quantities applied. Oilseeds includes linseed (2022 only), winter and spring oilseed rape. It should be noted that there may be minor differences in the range of crops surveyed between years.

Contact

Email: psu@sasa.gov.scot

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