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Publication - Statistics

Pesticide usage: outdoor vegetable crops 2019

Published
7 October 2020
Directorate
Agriculture and Rural Economy Directorate
Topic
Farming and rural
ISBN
9781800040830

Information from a survey of pesticide use on outdoor vegetable crops grown in Scotland during 2019.

View supporting documents Supporting documents

Appendix 1 – Estimated application tables

Table 1 Percentage of each crop treated with pesticides and mean number of spray applications - 2019
Crop Fungicides Herbicides Insecticides/ nematicides Molluscicides Sulphur Biological control agents Physical control Any pesticide exc. STs Seed treatments Any pesticide inc. STs
  % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % %
Vining peas 74 1.0 96 1.4 60 1.2 0 0.0 24 1.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 100 2.2 100 100
Broad beans 100 3.3 100 1.1 100 3.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 100 5.1 70 100
Brussels sprouts 100 7.3 69 2.8 100 8.1 100 7.5 0 0.0 7 1.0 0 0.0 100 18.5 0 100
Calabrese 92 3.0 92 1.9 84 1.3 8 1.0 9 1.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 97 5.3 0 97
Other brassicas 78 2.0 13 2.0 73 2.0 82 1.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 84 4.0 0 84
Carrots 84 6.8 85 2.7 84 3.6 0 0.0 4 3.0 0 0.0 3 1.2 87 9.6 82 87
Turnips & swedes 86 2.3 94 1.5 86 3.1 46 1.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 96 5.6 75 96
Other vegetable crops 84 3.9 84 2.1 76 3.2 12 1.0 64 1.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 84 6.8 64 84
All vegetable crops 82 3.2 89 1.7 75 2.7 12 3.8 15 1.1 <0.5 1.0 1 1.2 96 5.3 74 96

Note: STs = seed treatments

The average number of spray applications is calculated only on the areas receiving each pesticide group and therefore the minimum number of applications is always one (see appendix 3 – definitions and notes for details)

Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated

Table 2 Peas and beans seed treatment formulations - 2019
Seed treatment Broad beans Vining peas Total 2019 Total 2019 2017 2017
  ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Cymoxanil/fludioxonil/metalaxyl-M 0 0 7,364 90 7,364 870 7,807 917
Thiram 1,272 70 778 10 2,049 261 1,767 250
All seed treatments 1,272 70 8,142 100 9,414 1,130 9,574 1,167
No seed treatment 528 29 0 0 528 N/A 12 N/A
Area grown 1,804   8,142   9,946    

N/A = not applicable

Table 3 Peas and beans insecticide formulations - 2019
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Insecticides Broad beans Vining peas Total 2019 Total 2019 2017 2017
  ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Deltamethrin 528 29 0 0 528 4 524 4
Flonicamid 0 0 866 11 866 61 0 0
Lambda-cyhalothrin 3,600 100 0 0 3,600 27 2,938 22
Pirimicarb  1,800 100 4,846 60 6,646 930 6,139 801
All insecticides 5,928 100 5,712 60 11,640 1,022 9,601 827
Area grown 1,804   8,142   9,946 9,586  
Table 4 Peas and beans fungicide and sulphur formulations - 2019
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Broad beans Vining peas Total 2019 Total 2019 2017 2017
  ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Azoxystrobin 1,057 29 2,467 30 3,524 683 4,034 873
Boscalid/pyraclostrobin 1,800 100 3,583 44 5,383 1,624 4,288 1,173
Chlorothalonil/metalaxyl-M 1,057 29 0 0 1,057 1,136 1,252 1,204
Cyprodinil/fludioxonil 3,071 100 0 0 3,071 1,863 1,339 753
Tebuconazole 1,057 29 0 0 1,057 264 2,007 320
All fungicides 8,042 100 6,050 74 14,092 5,569 12,920 4,324
Sulphur 0 0 1,938 24 1,938 7,751 1,432 5,727
Area grown 1,804   8,142   9,946 9,586  
Table 5 Peas and beans herbicide formulations - 2019
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides Broad beans Vining peas Total 2019 Total 2019 2017(1) 2017(1)
  ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Bentazone 0 0 2,612 32 2,612 2,457 1,593 1,111
Glyphosate 188 10 936 11 1,123 886 1,202 997
Imazamox/pendimethalin 1,800 100 7,490 92 9,290 8,828 7,715 7,187
MCPB 0 0 1,938 24 1,938 2,836 1,384 2,425
All herbicides 1,988 100 12,976 96 14,963 15,006 12,751 12,226
Area grown 1,804 8,142 9,946 9,586

(1) For full list of formulations recorded in 2017 please refer to the 2017 report(3)

Table 6 Leaf brassica insecticide, biological control and molluscicide formulations - 2019
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Insecticides Brussels sprouts Calabrese Other brassicas(1) Total 2019 Total 2019 2017 2017
  ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Acetamiprid 755 81 0 0 0 0 755 38 0 0
Alpha-cypermethrin 22 2 0 0 0 0 22 <0.5 0 0
Deltamethrin 547 47 0 0 301 24 847 6 2,136 16
Indoxacarb 2,655 100 1,454 74 610 73 4,719 120 3,843 98
Lambda-cyhalothrin 2,553 91 384 26 149 24 3,086 17 6,317 34
Pymetrozine 2,080 91 0 0 0 0 2,080 379 1,982 396
Spinosad 1,284 93 71 5 149 24 1,504 144 36 3
Spirotetramat 1,469 88 0 0 298 24 1,767 132 2,084 156
Thiacloprid 1,767 98 71 5 149 24 1,987 191 1,739 167
All insecticides 13,131 100 1,980 84 1,656 73 16,767 1,028 18,137 871
Biological control agents                
Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita 63 7 0 0 0 0 63 N/A 0 N/A
All biological control agents 63 7 0 0 0 0 63 N/A 0 N/A
Molluscicides                
Ferric phosphate 4,269 100 120 8 662 82 5,051 745 4,837 738
Metaldehyde 2,716 91 0 0 0 0 2,716 407 4,762 765
All molluscicides 6,985 100 120 8 662 82 7,767 1,153 9,599 1,504
Area grown 932   1,489   626   3,048 4,104  

(1) Other brassicas include cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, kale and kohlrabi 
N/A = not applicable

Table 7 Leaf brassica fungicide and sulphur formulations - 2019
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Brussels sprouts Calabrese Other brassicas(1) Total 2019 Total 2019 2017(2) 2017(2)
  ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Azoxystrobin 808 87 1,213 81 656 55 2,677 669 3,093 742
Azoxystrobin/difenoconazole 1,719 98 0 0 149 24 1,868 607 927 301
Boscalid/pyraclostrobin 1,420 100 88 6 153 25 1,662 555 2,708 861
Chlorothalonil/metalaxyl-M 5 1 0 0 0 0 5 3 799 429
Copper oxychloride 0 0 2,751 76 0 0 2,751 1,032 2,976 1,466
Difenoconazole 831 89 0 0 0 0 831 62 927 70
Fluopicolide/propamocarb hydrochloride 0 0 0 0 5 1 5 5 290 318
Mandipropamid 0 0 249 17 0 0 249 37 0 0
Prothioconazole 2,367 100 0 0 0 0 2,367 454 2,757 529
Tebuconazole/trifloxystrobin 1,507 100 0 0 0 0 1,507 407 1,967 531
All fungicides 8,656 100 4,301 92 963 78 13,920 3,832 18,202 6,136
Sulphur 0 0 221 9 0 0 221 233 997 1,448
Area grown 932   1,489   626   3,048 4,104  

(1) Other brassicas include cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, kale and kohlrabi
(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2017 please refer to the 2017 report(3)

Table 8 Leaf brassica herbicide formulations - 2019
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides Brussels sprouts Calabrese Other brassicas(1) Total 2019 Total 2019 2017(2) 2017(2)
  ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Clomazone 644 69 292 20 71 11 1,007 73 1,300 93
Dimethenamid-P/pendimethalin 0 0 459 31 0 0 459 694 111 205
Glyphosate 487 44 746 50 73 12 1,306 1,625 2,441 2,828
Metazachlor 644 69 1,369 92 71 11 2,084 1,557 3,937 2,906
Pendimethalin 644 69 447 30 76 12 1,168 1,306 1,914 2,146
Pyridate 0 0 0 0 9 1 9 8 0 0
All herbicides 2,420 69 3,312 92 301 13 6,033 5,263 10,501 8,338
Area grown 932   1,489   626   3,048 4,104  

(1) Other brassicas include cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, kale and kohlrabi
(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2017 please refer to the 2017 report(3)

Table 9 Vegetables (excluding legumes and leaf brassicas) seed treatment formulations - 2019
Area (ha), weight (kg), percentage of crop treated and percentage of crop grown from transplants
Seed treatments Carrots Turnips &  swedes Other vegetable crops(1) Total 2019 Total 2019 2017(2) 2017(2)
  ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Cymoxanil/fludioxonil/metalaxyl-M 2,397 71 0 0 568 64 2,965 8 2,394 7
Tefluthrin 1,357 40 0 0 0 0 1,357 83 1,758 106
Thiram 0 0 1,051 75 0 0 1,051 1 1,457 3
All seed treatments 3,754 82 1,051 75 568 64 5,374 92 5,970 126
Crops grown from transplant 0 0 43 3 230 26 273 N/A  195 N/A 
No seed treatment 452 13 310 22 12 1 775 N/A  1,004 N/A 
No information seed treatment(3) 149 4 0 0 0 0 149 N/A  509 N/A 
Area grown 3,353   1,405   883   5,641 5,669  

(1) In 2019 other vegetable crops included beetroot, celeriac, chard, garlic, leeks, lettuce, onions, parsnips, podded peas, rhubarb and spinach
(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2017 please refer to the 2017 report(3)
(3) No information seed treatment refers to occasions where the grower was unable to confirm whether the seed had received a treatment
N/A = not applicable

Table 10 Vegetables (excluding legumes & leaf brassicas) insecticide, molluscicide and physical control formulations - 2019
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Insecticides/nematicides Carrots Turnips &  swedes Other vegetable crops(1) Total 2019 Total 2019 2017(2) 2017(2)
  ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Chlorantraniliprole 0 0 0 0 39 4 39 1 0 0
Cyantraniliprole 0 0 137 10 0 0 137 10 0 0
Deltamethrin 578 17 2,329 68 25 3 2,932 9 2,219 9
Indoxacarb 0 0 0 0 70 7 70 2 55 1
Lambda-cyhalothrin 7,726 72 825 22 1,704 64 10,255 124 8,609 94
Oxamyl 789 24 0 0 284 32 1,073 1,819 862 1,600
Pymetrozine 0 0 235 17 0 0 235 35 300 45
Spinosad 0 0 395 24 17 2 413 40 0 0
Spirotetramat 715 19 295 21 64 7 1,074 59 264 12
Thiacloprid 342 6 276 20 0 0 618 59 1,228 118
All insecticides/nematicides 10,150 84 4,492 86 2,204 76 16,845 2,159 13,984 1,943
Molluscicides                
Ferric phosphate 0 0 484 33 10 1 495 96 159 33
Metaldehyde 0 0 315 22 97 11 413 77 753 118
All molluscicides 0 0 800 46 108 12 907 173 912 150
Physical control                
Garlic 125 3 0 0 0 0 125 782 314 2,117
Area grown 3,353   1,405   883   5,641 5,669  

(1) In 2019 other vegetable crops included beetroot, celeriac, chard, garlic, leeks, lettuce, onions, parsnips, podded peas, rhubarb and spinach
(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2017 please refer to the 2017 report(3)

Table 11 Vegetables (excluding legumes and leaf brassicas) fungicide and sulphur formulations - 2019
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Carrots Turnips &  swedes Other vegetable crops(1) Total 2019 Total 2019 2017(2) 2017(2)
  ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Azoxystrobin 4,128 77 1,381 83 783 80 6,292 1,096 1,709 427
Azoxystrobin/difenoconazole 2,014 45 0 0 1,205 72 3,219 898 606 197
Boscalid/pyraclostrobin 2,859 70 893 37 176 14 3,928 1,298 3,465 1,147
Cyprodinil/fludioxonil 2,403 72 0 0 9 1 2,412 1,205 2,072 1,025
Dimethomorph/mancozeb 0 0 0 0 84 5 84 125 137 203
Fenpropimorph 2,953 48 0 0 0 0 2,953 1,724 2,682 2,012
Fluopicolide/propamocarb hydrochloride 0 0 0 0 12 1 12 14 13 15
Isopyrazam 4,223 71 0 0 568 64 4,791 598 4,109 508
Mancozeb 256 4 0 0 0 0 256 353 0 0
Mancozeb/metalaxyl-M 0 0 0 0 30 3 30 39 72 93
Mandipropamid 0 0 0 0 68 6 68 10 77 11
Metalaxyl-M 1,673 50 0 0 0 0 1,673 940 2,136 1,135
Prothioconazole 4,678 75 1,050 37 775 72 6,503 1,241 4,798 915
Tebuconazole 355 11 0 0 0 0 355 71 0 0
Tebuconazole/trifloxystrobin 959 15 11 1 42 5 1,012 206 897 202
All fungicides 26,500 84 3,334 86 3,752 84 33,587 9,817 22,856 7,896
Sulphur 383 4 0 0 568 64 951 3,842 0 0
Area grown 3,353   1,405   883   5,641   5,669  

(1) In 2019 other vegetable crops included beetroot, celeriac, chard, garlic, leeks, lettuce, onions, parsnips, podded peas, rhubarb and spinach 
(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2017 please refer to the 2017 report(3)

Table 12 Vegetables (excluding legumes and leaf brassicas) herbicide and growth regulator formulations - 2019
Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides Carrots Turnips &  swedes Other vegetable crops(1) Total 2019 Total 2019 2017(2) 2017(2)
  ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Aclonifen 1,357 40 0 0 0 0 1,357 1,247 0 0
Clethodim 872 26 0 0 353 40 1,225 204 540 95
Clomazone 2,908 83 1,307 93 0 0 4,215 253 4,116 252
Clopyralid 0 0 314 16 0 0 314 54 550 57
Diflufenican 1,422 42 0 0 0 0 1,422 78 0 0
Dimethenamid-P/metazachlor 0 0 147 10 0 0 147 116 1,057 630
Dimethenamid-P/pendimethalin 0 0 0 0 69 8 69 74 68 59
Diquat 48 1 0 0 284 32 332 128 52 14
Glyphosate 336 9 180 13 69 8 585 494 869 894
Metamitron 0 0 0 0 568 64 568 795 167 161
Metazachlor 0 0 1,179 84 0 0 1,179 590 56 38
Metribuzin 3,619 54 0 0 0 0 3,619 503 3,101 471
Pendimethalin 3,157 83 0 0 959 77 4,116 6,167 3,725 4,965
Propaquizafop 337 10 0 0 0 0 337 39 1,221 171
Propyzamide 0 0 0 0 108 12 108 151 74 104
Prosulfocarb 1,332 25 0 0 0 0 1,332 1,715 489 752
S-metolachlor 0 0 276 20 109 7 385 444 366 416
All herbicides 15,387 85 3,404 94 2,519 84 21,309 13,050 23,105 10,775
Growth regulators                
Maleic hydrazide 0 0 0 0 284 32 284 682 0 0
All growth regulators 0 0 0 0 284 32 284 682 0 0
Area grown 3,353   1,405   883   5,641 5,669  

(1) In 2019 other vegetable crops included beetroot, celeriac, chard, garlic, leeks, lettuce, onions, parsnips, podded peas, rhubarb and spinach
(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2017 please refer to the 2017 report(3)

Table 13 Compounds encountered in the vegetable survey for the first time in 2019
Active substance Type(1)  Area (ha) Weight (kg)
Diflufenican H 1,422 78
Aclonifen H 1,357 1,247
Flonicamid I 866 61
Cyantraniliprole I 137 10
Chlorantraniliprole I 39 1

(1) Pesticide type = H: Herbicide and I: Insecticide

Table 14 Mode of action/chemical group of insecticide/nematicide active substances - 2019
Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active Substance Chemical Group IRAC Group Total Vegetables Total Vegetables
        ha kg
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor Oxamyl Carbamate 1A 1,073 1,819
  Pirimicarb Carbamate 1A 6,646 930
All acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors 7,719 2,749
Sodium channel modulators Alpha-Cypermethrin Pyrethroid 3A 22 0
  Deltamethrin Pyrethroid 3A 4,308 20
  Lambda-Cyhalothrin Pyrethroid 3A 16,941 168
All sodium channel modulators 21,270 188
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive modulators Acetamiprid Neonicotinoid 4A 755 38
  Thiacloprid Neonicotinoid 4A 2,605 250
All nAChR competitive modulators 3,360 288
Ryanodine receptor modulators Chlorantraniliprole Diamide 28 39 1
  Cyantraniliprole Diamide 28 137 10
All ryanodine receptor modulators 176 11
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric modulators Spinosad Spinosyns 5 1,917 184
Chordontonal organ TRPV channel modulators Pymetrozine Pyridine azomethine derivative 9B 2,315 415
Voltage-dependent sodium channel blocker Indoxacarb Oxadiazines 22A 4,790 122
Inhibitors of acetyl COA carboxylase Spirotetramat Tetramic acid 23 2,840 192
Chordontonal organ modulators - undefined target site Flonicamid Flonicamid 29 866 61
All other modes of action 12,727 973
All insecticides 45,253 4,210
Area grown(1)       18,634  

(1) includes multi-cropping
Note:  Active substances have been grouped by their mode of action.  Full details on mode of action classification can be found on the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) webpage(9)

Table 15 Mode of action/chemical group of fungicide active substances - 2019
Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active Substance Group Name Chemical Group FRAC Group Total Vegetables Total Vegetables
          ha kg
Amino acids & protein synthesis Cyprodinil Anilino - pyrimidine Anilino - pyrimidine 9 5,483 1,838
All amino acids & protein synthesis 5,483 1,838
Cell wall biosynthesis Dimethomorph Carboxylic acid amide Morpholine 40 84 13
  Mandipropamid Carboxylic acid amide Mandelic acid amide 40 317 48
All cell wall biosynthesis 401 60
Cytoskeleton and motor proteins Fluopicolide Benzamide Pyridinylmethyl-benzamide 43 17 2
All cytoskeleton and motor proteins 17 2
Lipid synthesis and membrane integrity Propamocarb hydrochloride Carbamate Carbamate 28 17 17
All lipid synthesis and membrane integrity 17 17
Multi-site contact activity Copper oxychloride Inorganic Inorganic M01 2,751 1,032
  Mancozeb Dithio-carbamate Dithio-carbamate M03 370 503
  Chlorothalonil Chloronitrile Chloronitrile M05 1,062 1,059
All multi-site contact activity 4,183 2,594
Nucleic Acid Synthesis Metalaxyl-M Phenylamide Acylalanines 4 2,765 1,022
All Nucleic Acid Synthesis 2,765 1,022
 
Respiration Boscalid SDHI Pyridine- carboxamides 7 10,973 2,779
  Isopyrazam SDHI Pyrazole-4- carboxamides 7 4,791 598
  Azoxystrobin Qo inhibitor Strobilurin 11 17,579 3,374
  Pyraclostrobin Qo inhibitor Strobilurin 11 10,973 697
  Trifloxystrobin Qo inhibitor Strobilurin 11 2,519 204
All respiration 46,834 7,653
Signal transduction Fludioxonil Phenylpyrroles Phenylpyrroles 12 5,483 1,230
All signal transduction         5,483 1,230
Sterol biosynthesis in membranes Difenoconazole Demethylation inhibitor Triazole 3 5,917 641
  Prothioconazole Demethylation inhibitor Triazolinthione 3 8,870 1,695
  Tebuconazole Demethylation inhibitor Triazole 3 3,930 743
  Fenpropimorph Amine Morpholine 5 2,953 1,724
All sterol biosynthesis in membranes         21,670 4,803
All fungicides         86,853 19,218
Sulphur 3,110 11,826
Area grown(1)         18,634

(1) Includes multi-cropping.
Note:  Active substances have been grouped by their mode of action.  Full details on mode of action classification can be found on the Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC) webpage(10)

Table 16 Mode of action/chemical group of herbicide active substances - 2019
Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active Substance Chemical Group HRAC Group Legacy HRAC Code* Total Vegetables Total Vegetables
          ha kg
Inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase Clethodim Cyclohexanedione 1 A 1,225 204
  Propaquizafop Aryloxyphenoxy-propionate 'FOPs' 1 A 337 39
All Inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase 1,562 243
Inhibition of acetolactate synthase ALS Imazamox Imidazolinone 2 B 9,290 553
All Inhibition of acetolactate synthase ALS 9,290 553
Microtubule assembly inhibition Pendimethalin Dinitroaniline 3 K1 15,101 16,162
  Propyzamide Benzamide 3 K1 108 151
All microtubule assembly inhibition 15,209 16,313
Auxin mimics Clopyralid Pyridine carboxylic acid 4 O 314 54
  MCPB Phenoxy-carboxylates  4 O 1,938 2,836
All auxin mimics 2,252 2,890
Inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II-serine 264 binders Metamitron Triazinone 5 C1 568 795
  Metribuzin Triazinone 5 C1 3,619 503
All inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II-serine 264 binders 4,187 1,298
Inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II-histidine 215 binders Bentazone Benzothiadiazinone 6 C3 2,612 2,457
  Pyridate Phenyl-pyridazine 6 C3 9 8
All inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II-histidine 215 binders         2,621 2,464
Inhibition of EPSP synthase Glyphosate Glycine 9 G 3,015 3,004
All inhibition of EPSP synthase 3,015 3,004
Inhibition of phytoene desaturase  Diflufenican Phenyl ethers 12 F1 1,422 78
All inhibition of phytoene desaturase  1,422 78
Inhibition of DOXP synthase Clomazone Isoxazolidinone 13 F4 5,223 327
All inhibition of DOXP synthase 5,223 327
Inhibition of VLCFA synthesis Dimethenamid-P Chloroacetamide 15 K3 675 410
  Metazachlor Chloroacetamide 15 K3 3,411 2,204
  S-metolachlor Chloroacetamide 15 K3 385 444
  Prosulfocarb Thiocarbamate 15 K3 1,332 1,715
All inhibition of VLCFA synthesis 5,801 4,774

Photosystem-I-electron diversion

Diquat

Bipyridylium

22

D

332

128

All photosystem-I-electron diversion

332

128

Inhibition of solanesyl diphosphhate synthase

Aclonifen

Diphenyl ether

32

S

1,357

1,247

All inhibition of solanesyl diphosphhate synthase

1,357

1,247

All herbicides

52,270

33,319

Area grown(1)

18,634

(1) includes multi-cropping
Note:  Active substances have been grouped by their mode of action.  Full details on mode of action classification and HRAC MOA 2020 Revision Description* can be found on the Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC) webpage(11) 

Table 17 Principal active substances by area treated
Area treated (ha) of the 20 most used active substances on all vegetable crops surveyed in 2019 and percentage change

Active substance Type(1) 2019 (ha) 2017 (ha) % change
1 Azoxystrobin F 17,579 10,368 70
2 Lambda-Cyhalothrin I 16,941 17,865 -5
3 Fludioxonil F/S 15,812 13,612 16
4 Pendimethalin H 15,101 13,533 12
5 Metalaxyl-M F/S 13,094 14,633 -11
6 Boscalid F 10,973 10,461 5
7 Pyraclostrobin F 10,973 10,545 4
8 Cymoxanil S 10,329 10,201 1
9 Imazamox H 9,290 7,715 20
10 Prothioconazole F 8,870 7,554 17
11 Pirimicarb I 6,646 6,585 1
12 Difenoconazole F 5,917 2,459 141
13 Ferric phosphate M 5,546 4,996 11
14 Cyprodinil F 5,483 3,411 61
15 Clomazone H 5,223 6,275 -17
16 Isopyrazam F 4,791 4,109 17
17 Indoxacarb I 4,790 3,898 23
18 Deltamethrin I 4,308 4,879 -12
19 Tebuconazole F 3,930 4,870 -19
20 Metribuzin H 3,619 3,101 17
Table 18 Principal active substances by weight
Weight (kg) of the 20 most used active substances on all vegetable crops surveyed in 2019 and percentage change

Active substance

Type(1)

2019 (kg)

2017 (kg)

% change

1

Pendimethalin

H

16,162

13,991

16

2

Sulphur

SU

11,826

7,174

65

3

Azoxystrobin

F

3,374

2,348

44

4

Glyphosate

H

3,004

4,719

-36

5

MCPB

H

2,836

2,425

17

6

Boscalid

F

2,779

2,543

9

7

Bentazone

H

2,457

1,111

121

8

Metazachlor

H

2,204

3,259

-32

9

Cyprodinil

F

1,838

1,067

72

10

Oxamyl

I/N

1,819

1,600

14

11

Fenpropimorph

F

1,724

2,012

-14

12

Prosulfocarb

H

1,715

752

128

13

Prothioconazole

F

1,695

1,444

17

14

Metalaxyl-M

F/S

1,494

1,762

-15

15

Fludioxonil

F/S

1,365

854

60

16

Aclonifen

H

1,247

0

17

Chlorothalonil

F

1,059

1,520

-30

18

Copper oxychloride

F

1,032

1,466

-30

19

Pirimicarb

I

930

866

7

20

Ferric phosphate

M

841

771

9

(1) Pesticide type = F: Fungicide, H: Herbicide, I: Insecticide, M: Molluscicide, N: Nematicide, S: Seed treatment, SU: Sulphur

Table 19 Total vegetable crop, comparison with previous years
Pesticide usage in 2015, 2017 and 2019, area treated with formulations and active substances (a.s.) and the weight (kg) applied
2015 2017 2019

Formulations

a.s.

Weight

Formulations

a.s.

Weight

Formulations

a.s.

Weight

 

ha

ha

kg

ha

ha

kg

ha

ha

kg
Insecticides 44,468 44,468 4,240 41,722 41,722 3,641 45,253 45,253 4,210
Molluscicides 6,589 6,589 1,081 10,512 10,512 1,654 8,674 8,674 1,326
Biological agents(1) 0 0 0 0 0 0 63 63 N/A
Biopesticides 82 82 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fungicides 58,702 81,890 20,429 53,977 75,061 18,356 61,599 86,853 19,218
Sulphur 2,556 2,556 6,335 2,429 2,429 7,174 3,110 3,110 11,826
Herbicides 50,079 58,701 33,513 46,357 56,166 31,340 42,306 52,270 33,319
Growth regulators 104 104 500 0 0 0 284 284 682
Physical control 0 0 0 314 314 2,117 125 125 782
Seed treatments(1) 16,373 37,444 1,203 15,552 36,464 1,293 14,787 35,446 1,222
All pesticides 178,953 231,834 67,303 170,863 222,668 65,575 176,200 232,078 72,584
Area grown 16,672(2)     19,359(3)     18,634(4)    

(1) No weights can be calculated for biological control agents and biological seed treatments
(2) No multi-cropping was encountered in 2015
(3) Includes 23 hectares of multi-cropping
(4) Includes 10 hectares of multi-cropping

Contact

Email: psu@sasa.gov.scot

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