Public dialogue on data sharing outside of the public sector in Scotland

Appendix C: Text used in presentation on benefit sharing

Slide 1: Key issues around private sector use of public sector data

• - Previous work suggests ambivalence around private sector use of public sector data
• - Concern about "pure profit" but acceptance of value of private sector innovation
• - Private access should result in public benefit e.g. improvement in local services
• - Suggestions around profit sharing and companies paying for information
• - Some private sector organisations considered "better" than others

Slide 2: Benefit sharing

• - A potential set of solutions to ensure public benefit
• - Public benefit might include health and social benefits
• - Roots in International Law in relation to benefits from natural resources
• - But can be more widely applicable – for example with respect to data
• - Early work considered this with respect to genetic data and data sharing for research purposes

Slide 3: Why might we consider benefit sharing?

• - Address issues of justice and fairness
• - Avoid harm and promote public good
• - Promote trust
• - Create a "moral economy" – solidarity based approach where data sharing should be to assist others rather than financial gain
• - Could involve publics in decisions about benefit sharing
• - Enable acceptable private sector involvement

Slide 4: What kinds of benefits?

• - Affrdable products, technologies and servoces
• - Feedback from use of data
• - Monetray benefits – sharing profts/pay to use data
• - Societal benefits – reinvesting in communities
• - Benefits might be at individual, community or national level
• - May be direct (e.g. improved services) or broader and longer term
• - Other countries and future generations
• - Unrealistic expectataions of benefits

Slide 5: Models of benefit sharing

• - Sharing in profits arising from using public sector data e.g. profit returned to public sector
• - Benefit sharing proposals considered as part of access approval
• - Collaborative arrangements – providing positive social, economic and environmental outcomes for local communities
• - Contract based models – making terms clear and legally binding
• - Community based partnerships to identify community-based needs
• - Most involve independent scrutiny bodies
• - Public consultations can help create appropriate models

Slide 6: Criticisms of benefit sharing

• - Outcomes of data sharing in and of themselves should be viewed as benefits
• - Altruism regarding providing data should be the defining approach
• - May be "sham" – not really providing community/public benefit
• - May be viewed as legitimising commercialisation or profit

Slide 7: Further questions to consider

• - Whi decides what constitutes a benefit?
• - How would benefits be distributed?
• - Who should be involved in such decisions?
• - How would justice, fairness and public good be assessed?

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