Reconviction rates in Scotland: 2016-2017 offender cohort
This publication provides analyses of trends in reconviction statistics up to the latest cohort of 2016 to 2017.
Table 9: Reconviction rates and average number of reconvictions per offender, by index disposal: 1997-98 to 2016-17 cohorts1,2
| Index disposal | Number of offenders | Reconviction rate | Average number of reconvictions per offender |
|---|---|---|---|
| Discharged from Custody3 | |||
| 1997-98 | 6,133 | 48.4 | 1.04 |
| 1998-99 | 5,820 | 49.2 | 1.09 |
| 1999-00 | 5,759 | 46.2 | 0.99 |
| 2000-01 | 5,570 | 47.4 | 1.00 |
| 2001-02 | 5,948 | 48.0 | 1.06 |
| 2002-03 | 6,007 | 49.8 | 1.12 |
| 2003-04 | 5,887 | 50.1 | 1.11 |
| 2004-05 | 6,124 | 47.9 | 1.06 |
| 2005-06 | 6,242 | 47.4 | 1.03 |
| 2006-07 | 6,869 | 48.7 | 1.06 |
| 2007-08 | 6,911 | 47.3 | 1.02 |
| 2008-09 | 7,223 | 47.2 | 0.99 |
| 2009-10 | 7,201 | 46.3 | 0.95 |
| 2010-11 | 7,030 | 45.6 | 0.92 |
| 2011-12 | 7,006 | 44.6 | 0.94 |
| 2012-13 | 7,081 | 44.3 | 0.91 |
| 2013-14 | 6,716 | 45.1 | 0.88 |
| 2014-15 | 6,257 | 44.7 | 0.89 |
| 2015-16 | 6,293 | 43.7 | 0.86 |
| 2016-17 | 5,917 | 42.3 | 0.82 |
| Extended Sentences | |||
| 1997-98 | - | - | - |
| 1998-99 | - | - | - |
| 1999-00 | - | - | - |
| 2000-01 | - | - | - |
| 2001-02 | - | - | - |
| 2002-03 | - | - | - |
| 2003-04 | - | - | - |
| 2004-05 | - | - | - |
| 2005-06 | 1 | ** | ** |
| 2006-07 | 16 | 6.3 | 0.06 |
| 2007-08 | 51 | 11.8 | 0.14 |
| 2008-09 | 40 | 12.5 | 0.15 |
| 2009-10 | 79 | 13.9 | 0.15 |
| 2010-11 | 101 | 15.8 | 0.19 |
| 2011-12 | 106 | 14.2 | 0.19 |
| 2012-13 | 134 | 12.7 | 0.14 |
| 2013-14 | 181 | 6.6 | 0.09 |
| 2014-15 | 209 | 14.4 | 0.15 |
| 2015-16 | 199 | 12.6 | 0.15 |
| 2016-17 | 208 | 11.5 | 0.13 |
| Supervised Release Orders | |||
| 1997-98 | - | - | - |
| 1998-99 | - | - | - |
| 1999-00 | - | - | - |
| 2000-01 | - | - | - |
| 2001-02 | - | - | - |
| 2002-03 | - | - | - |
| 2003-04 | - | - | - |
| 2004-05 | - | - | - |
| 2005-06 | - | - | - |
| 2006-07 | 27 | 37.0 | 0.44 |
| 2007-08 | 93 | 35.5 | 0.45 |
| 2008-09 | 147 | 46.9 | 0.89 |
| 2009-10 | 155 | 40.0 | 0.70 |
| 2010-11 | 162 | 43.8 | 0.75 |
| 2011-12 | 201 | 44.8 | 0.71 |
| 2012-13 | 219 | 38.8 | 0.58 |
| 2013-14 | 226 | 38.1 | 0.62 |
| 2014-15 | 233 | 36.5 | 0.55 |
| 2015-16 | 261 | 36.8 | 0.62 |
| 2016-17 | 287 | 36.6 | 0.58 |
| Restriction of Liberty Order | |||
| 1997-98 | - | - | - |
| 1998-99 | 25 | 60.0 | 1.56 |
| 1999-00 | 54 | 68.5 | 1.78 |
| 2000-01 | 61 | 62.3 | 1.69 |
| 2001-02 | 58 | 72.4 | 1.62 |
| 2002-03 | 223 | 53.8 | 1.21 |
| 2003-04 | 372 | 58.3 | 1.27 |
| 2004-05 | 442 | 57.7 | 1.24 |
| 2005-06 | 524 | 54.0 | 1.22 |
| 2006-07 | 548 | 52.4 | 1.07 |
| 2007-08 | 556 | 50.9 | 1.04 |
| 2008-09 | 594 | 47.8 | 0.98 |
| 2009-10 | 510 | 49.4 | 0.96 |
| 2010-11 | 461 | 45.1 | 0.86 |
| 2011-12 | 496 | 40.3 | 0.76 |
| 2012-13 | 558 | 36.4 | 0.68 |
| 2013-14 | 642 | 35.5 | 0.60 |
| 2014-15 | 731 | 33.7 | 0.60 |
| 2015-16 | 993 | 34.3 | 0.59 |
| 2016-17 | 1,391 | 33.6 | 0.59 |
| Legacy Community Order (CSO, PO)4 | |||
| 1997-98 | 6,083 | 39.6 | 0.85 |
| 1998-99 | 5,952 | 40.3 | 0.88 |
| 1999-00 | 5,594 | 38.5 | 0.78 |
| 2000-01 | 5,643 | 38.9 | 0.82 |
| 2001-02 | 6,085 | 40.5 | 0.86 |
| 2002-03 | 6,555 | 40.6 | 0.84 |
| 2003-04 | 6,449 | 39.0 | 0.78 |
| 2004-05 | 7,089 | 39.6 | 0.79 |
| 2005-06 | 7,770 | 38.3 | 0.74 |
| 2006-07 | 7,604 | 38.1 | 0.72 |
| 2007-08 | 8,109 | 36.5 | 0.68 |
| 2008-09 | 8,850 | 37.1 | 0.70 |
| 2009-10 | 8,656 | 33.7 | 0.62 |
| 2010-11 | 8,237 | 33.7 | 0.61 |
| 2011-12 | 3,698 | 27.1 | 0.46 |
| 2012-13 | 641 | 13.7 | 0.20 |
| 2013-14 | 198 | 5.1 | 0.06 |
| 2014-15 | 108 | 8.3 | 0.12 |
| 2015-16 | 65 | 9.2 | 0.12 |
| 2016-17 | 41 | 7.3 | 0.07 |
| Community Payback Order5 | |||
| 1997-98 | - | - | - |
| 1998-99 | - | - | - |
| 1999-00 | - | - | - |
| 2000-01 | - | - | - |
| 2001-02 | - | - | - |
| 2002-03 | - | - | - |
| 2003-04 | - | - | - |
| 2004-05 | - | - | - |
| 2005-06 | - | - | - |
| 2006-07 | - | - | - |
| 2007-08 | - | - | - |
| 2008-09 | - | - | - |
| 2009-10 | - | - | - |
| 2010-11 | 179 | 55.3 | 1.14 |
| 2011-12 | 6,175 | 36.8 | 0.69 |
| 2012-13 | 9,480 | 32.6 | 0.57 |
| 2013-14 | 10,539 | 30.6 | 0.56 |
| 2014-15 | 10,833 | 32.9 | 0.59 |
| 2015-16 | 10,804 | 31.1 | 0.55 |
| 2016-17 | 10,016 | 31.2 | 0.55 |
| Drug Treatment and Testing Order | |||
| 1997-98 | - | - | - |
| 1998-99 | - | - | - |
| 1999-00 | 1 | ** | ** |
| 2000-01 | 36 | 58.3 | 1.31 |
| 2001-02 | 95 | 75.8 | 2.16 |
| 2002-03 | 145 | 75.9 | 2.43 |
| 2003-04 | 204 | 78.9 | 2.20 |
| 2004-05 | 232 | 78.4 | 2.20 |
| 2005-06 | 271 | 70.1 | 1.88 |
| 2006-07 | 305 | 75.1 | 2.01 |
| 2007-08 | 327 | 70.6 | 1.94 |
| 2008-09 | 364 | 67.3 | 1.75 |
| 2009-10 | 365 | 66.0 | 1.70 |
| 2010-11 | 375 | 67.2 | 1.63 |
| 2011-12 | 278 | 62.2 | 1.65 |
| 2012-13 | 315 | 65.1 | 1.59 |
| 2013-14 | 329 | 64.1 | 1.73 |
| 2014-15 | 259 | 63.7 | 1.76 |
| 2015-16 | 238 | 67.2 | 1.76 |
| 2016-17 | 224 | 64.3 | 1.47 |
| Monetary Disposal | |||
| 1997-98 | 32,895 | 29.5 | 0.54 |
| 1998-99 | 29,561 | 29.4 | 0.53 |
| 1999-00 | 25,604 | 28.9 | 0.52 |
| 2000-01 | 23,816 | 28.9 | 0.51 |
| 2001-02 | 24,865 | 29.0 | 0.52 |
| 2002-03 | 24,847 | 29.1 | 0.52 |
| 2003-04 | 26,693 | 29.5 | 0.51 |
| 2004-05 | 27,451 | 29.2 | 0.50 |
| 2005-06 | 27,047 | 29.2 | 0.50 |
| 2006-07 | 28,498 | 29.0 | 0.49 |
| 2007-08 | 27,495 | 27.6 | 0.46 |
| 2008-09 | 22,846 | 26.7 | 0.47 |
| 2009-10 | 20,961 | 26.6 | 0.45 |
| 2010-11 | 18,679 | 25.6 | 0.44 |
| 2011-12 | 17,122 | 24.1 | 0.40 |
| 2012-13 | 14,800 | 23.3 | 0.39 |
| 2013-14 | 14,823 | 23.2 | 0.39 |
| 2014-15 | 15,205 | 22.3 | 0.36 |
| 2015-16 | 15,150 | 21.3 | 0.34 |
| 2016-17 | 13,305 | 21.1 | 0.33 |
| Other Disposal6 | |||
| 1997-98 | 8,349 | 23.0 | 0.42 |
| 1998-99 | 7,787 | 21.5 | 0.38 |
| 1999-00 | 7,233 | 21.7 | 0.37 |
| 2000-01 | 6,435 | 22.2 | 0.37 |
| 2001-02 | 6,596 | 22.5 | 0.40 |
| 2002-03 | 7,071 | 23.0 | 0.41 |
| 2003-04 | 7,398 | 22.1 | 0.39 |
| 2004-05 | 8,015 | 22.3 | 0.39 |
| 2005-06 | 8,489 | 23.7 | 0.41 |
| 2006-07 | 9,438 | 23.7 | 0.42 |
| 2007-08 | 9,502 | 23.2 | 0.41 |
| 2008-09 | 9,601 | 23.5 | 0.44 |
| 2009-10 | 9,489 | 22.1 | 0.39 |
| 2010-11 | 9,483 | 21.9 | 0.39 |
| 2011-12 | 8,737 | 22.6 | 0.40 |
| 2012-13 | 8,467 | 21.2 | 0.38 |
| 2013-14 | 8,523 | 21.0 | 0.39 |
| 2014-15 | 9,779 | 21.3 | 0.37 |
| 2015-16 | 10,048 | 20.4 | 0.34 |
| 2016-17 | 9,217 | 20.2 | 0.35 |
1. Figures for previous cohorts may differ from previously published figures as updated information is fed into the Scottish Offenders Index.
2. Caution is needed when comparing reconvictions between different disposals. A disposal may affect the reconviction rates, but different disposals are given for different types of offending behaviour, which are themselves also likely to affect reconviction rates.
3. Discharged from custody includes imprisonment and admission to a young offenders institution, and from 2010-11 also includes a small number of offenders (between 5 and 16 per cohort) given Orders for Lifelong Restriction.
4. Legacy community order refers to Community Service Orders (CSOs) and Probation Orders (POs) which were replaced by Community Payback Orders for crimes or offences committed after 1 February 2011. Legacy community orders given after 1 February 2011 are for crimes or offences committed prior to 1 February 2011.
5. Community Payback Orders (CPOs) were introduced by the Criminal Justice and Licensing (Scotland) Act 2010 and came into effect from 1 February 2011. The CPO replaces provisions for Community Service Orders, Probation Orders, and Supervised Attendance Orders.
6. Includes Supervised Attendance Orders; remit to children's hearing; community reparation order; caution; admonition; absolute discharge; insanity; guardianship; and hospital order.
Contact
Email: Justice_Analysts@gov.scot
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