Arable Farmer-led Group: climate change evidence
A summary of existing evidence around the arable sector, including greenhouse gas emissions produced by the Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services (RESAS) division.
Footnotes
1. Million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent
2. Excluding around 30,000 hectares fallow and set aside land
3. Agriculture in the UK 2019 (publishing.service.gov.uk)
4. Including common grazing. Figure based on Scottish Agricultural Census: June 2019 https://www.gov.scot/publications/final-results-june-2019-agricultural-census/pages/1/ and UK Standard Area Measurements (SAM)
5. Farms with Standard Labour Requirements (SLR) more than 0.5. Standard Labour Requirements represent the approximate average labour requirement for a livestock or crop enterprise. The annual hours of a full-time worker is 1,900 hours.
6. Food Standards Scotland, 2018. Available at: https://www.foodstandards.gov.scot/downloads/Situation_report_-_the_Scottish_diet_-_it_needs_to_change_-_2018_update_FINAL.pdf
7. Using SIMD classifications.
8. https://www.climateassembly.uk/report/read/final-report-exec-summary.pdf
9. Sixth Carbon Budget - Climate Change Committee (theccc.org.uk)
11. The Climate Change Plan update incorporates some likely methodological changes not yet included in GHG inventory figures resulting in 7.7 MtCO2e in 2018 rather than 7.5.
12. It is not possible to split the GHG Inventory data by product type.
13. It has not been possible to provide specific figures for only arable in the timeframe
14. James Hutton Institute. Briefing for RESAS.
15. https://www.eca.europa.eu/Lists/ECADocuments/SR20_13/SR_Biodiversity_on_farmland_EN.pdf
16. The importance of biodiversity and wildlife on farmland | Business Wales (gov.wales)
17. Final Report - The Economics of Biodiversity: The Dasgupta Review - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)
18. Does plantation forestry restore biodiversity or create green deserts? - Bremer, L., Farley, K.
19. "Natural capital is the part of nature which directly or indirectly underpins value to people including ecosystems, species, freshwater, soils, minerals, the air and oceans, as well as natural processes and functions. … In combination with other types of capital, natural capital forms part of our wealth; that is, our ability to produce actual or potential goods and services into the future to support our wellbeing." Natural Capital Terminology (publishing.service.gov.uk)
20. Scotland's Natural Capital Asset Index - 2019 Update summary.pdf (nature.scot)
21. https://www.nature.scot/official-statistics-terrestrial-breeding-birds-1994-2019
22. A review of evidence Is reported in Wilson, J.D., Evans, A.D. & Grice, P.V. (2009) Bird conservation and agriculture.
23. POST (2010) Insect Pollination, London
24. Managing Arable Farmland for Wildlife
26. Hancock, M.H. & Wilson, J.D. (2003) 'Winter habitat associations of seed-eating passerines', Bird Study, Vol 50, 116-130
27. See for example http://www.hedgelink.org.uk/wildlife-and-hedgerows.htm
28. R. Wolton (2009) UK Biodiversity Action Plan: Priority species linked to hedgerows, A report to Hedgelink
29. Multifunctional Role of Field Margins in Arable Farming (2014) Hackett M, Lawrence A – ADAS UK
30. Field margins – Wildlife and Farming
32. Cole L et al; (2015) Riparian buffer strips: their role in the conservation of insect pollinators in intensive grassland systems
33. For more information see https://www.nature.scot/piloting-outcomes-based-approach-scotland-pobas-project
34. Agroecology | Ecological Sciences | Research | The James Hutton Institute
36. Agroecological Transitions - Durie Farms.pdf (nature.scot)
37. A measure which combines technical efficiency (the rate of physical output to physical input) and allocative efficiency (the rate at which costs are minimised). This provides an analogue to TFP at a sectoral level.
38. Dinitrgoen (N2) is the for of nitrgoen making up 78% of the Earth's atmosphere; it has a very low reactivity and is not a greenhouse gas or nitrogen pollutant
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