Building standards - ventilation guidance: research

10. References

Abadie M, Wargocki P, Rode C, et al. Proposed Metrics For IAQ in Low-Energy Residential Buildings. ASHRAE J N Y 2019; 61: 62–65.

Abadie M, Wargocki P, Rode C, et al. Indoor Air Quality Design and Control in Low-energy Residential Buildings Annex 68 | Subtask 1: Defining the metrics. AIVC Contributed Report 17, International Energy Agency - Annex 68, 2017

Ai ZT, Mak CM, Cui DJ. On-site measurements of ventilation performance and indoor air quality in naturally ventilated high-rise residential buildings in Hong Kong. Indoor Built Environ 2015; 24: 214–224

Aubin D, Won D, Schleibinger H, et al. Seasonal variation in indoor air quality from a field study investigating the impact of ventilation rates on the health of asthmatic children in Québec City, Building and Environment, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03601323

Biler et al. 2018, A review of performance specification and studies of trickle vents, Buildings journal, https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/8/11/152

Bryman, A. (2016). Social Research Methods (5th ed.). London: Oxford University Press.

Building Research Establishment. "Digest 297: Surface condensation and mould growth in traditionally built dwellings". BRE Press, Garston, 1985

Building Research Establishment. "The effect that increasing air-tightness may have on air quality within dwellings". Scottish Government, Building Standards Division, Livingston, April 2012

CIBSE TM40 2005/2020 The Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers 222 Balham High Road, London SW12 9BS

CIBSE Guide A (2015) Table 1.5 and CIBSE TM60: Good Practice in the design of homes (2018a) https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/872091/Planning_for_the_Future.pdf

CIBSE, 2017. TM59: Design methodology for the assessment of overheating risk in homes. https://doi.org/ CIBSE TM59: 2017

COMEAP (2015) The mortality effects of long term exposure to particulate air pollution in the United Kingdom (London: Health Protection Agency for the Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollutants) (available at https://www.gov.uk/government/ uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/304641/COMEAP_mortality_effects_of_long_term_exposure.pdf

COMEAP (2018) Impact of long term exposure to nitrogen dioxide on mortality (Press Release, 22nd August 2018) (London: Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollutants)

Coward SKD, Brown VM, Crump DR, Raw GJ and Llewellyn JW (2002) Indoor air quality in homes in England; volatile organic compounds BRE Report BR433 (Garston: BRE)

Crump D, Dengel A, Swainson M. "Indoor Air Quality in Highly Energy Efficient Homes – a Review". IHS BRE Press, Watford, England, 2009

Davis I, Harvey V. "Zero Carbon: what does it mean to homeowners and house builders?" NHBC Foundation report, NF9, 2008

Defra (2007) National air quality objectives and European Directive limit and target values for the protection of human health (London: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs) (available at https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/assets/documents/Air_ Quality_Objectives_Update.pdf

Deng T, Shen X, Cheng X, et al. Investigation of window-opening behaviour and indoor air quality in dwellings situated in the temperate zone in China. Indoor Built Environ 2020; 1420326X20924746.

Dimitroulopoulou C, Crump D, Coward S, et al. Ventilation, air tightness and indoor air quality in new homes, https://www.brebookshop.com/details.jsp?id=189831 (2005)

Dimitroulopoulou, C. & Lucica, E & Johnson, A & Ashmore, Mike & Sakellaris, Ioannis & Stranger, Marianne & Goelen, Eddy. (2015). EPHECT I: European household survey on domestic use of consumer products and development of worst-case scenarios for daily use. The Science of the total environment. 536. 10.1016/j.scitotenv. 2015

Dimitroulopoulou C, Lucica E, Johnson A, Ashmore MR, Sakellaris I, Stranger M and Goelen E (2015a) 'EPHECT I: European household survey on domestic use of consumer products and development of worst-case scenarios for daily use' J. Science of the Total Environment 036 880–889

Dimitroulopoulou C, Trantallidi M, Carrer P, Efthimiou G and Bartzis J (2015b) 'EPHECT II: Exposure assessment to household consumer products' J. Science of the Total Environment 036 890–902

EC (2004) The INDEX project: Critical Appraisal of the Setting and Implementation of Indoor Exposure Limits in the EU (Ispra, Italy: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Physical and Chemical Exposure Unit) http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_projects/2002/pollution/fp_pollution_2002_exs_02.pdf)

EC (2014) SINPHONIE: Schools Indoor Pollution and Health, Observatory Network in Europe (Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union) https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/sinphonieschools-indoor-pollution-and-health-observatory-network-europe-final-report) (accessed 9/12/19)

Geiss O, Giannopoulos G, Tirendi S, Barrero-Moreno J, Larsen BR, Kotzias D (2011) 'The AIRMEX study - VOC measurements in public buildings and schools/kindergartens in eleven European cities: Statistical analysis of the data' Atmospheric Environment 45 (2011) 3676–3684 (available at https://www.academia.edu/20002029/The_AIRMEX_study_-_VOC_measurements_in_public_buildings_and_schools_kindergartens_in_eleven_European_cities_Statistical_analysis_of_the_data)

Godish T, Spengler JD. Relationships Between Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality: A Review. Indoor Air 1996; 6: 135–145

Guyot G, Melois A, Bernard A-M, et al. Ventilation performance and indoor air pollutants diagnosis in 21 French low energy homes. Int J Vent 2018; 17: 187–195.

Haghighat F, De Bellis L. Material emission rates: Literature review, and the impact of indoor air temperature and relative humidity. Build Environ 1998; 33: 261–277

Hänninen O, Asikainen A, Sorjamaa R, Lipponen P, Wargocki P, Bischof W, Hartmann T, Fanetti A, Carrer P, Asimakopolou M, Santamouris M, Asimakopoulos D, Santos H, Leal V, de Oliveira Fernandes E, Allard F, Seppänen O, Schmidt M, Popov T and Mustakov T (2013) Impact of the implementation of the ventilation guidelines on burden of disease (Kuopio, Finland: HealthVent) https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/chafea_pdb/assets/files/pdb/20091208/20091208_d08_oth8_en_ps.pdf

HM Government. Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality in New Homes. Aecom Limited, Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, 2019

Holøs SB, Yang A, Lind M, Thunshelle K, Schild P and Mysen M (2019) 'VOC emission rates in newly built and renovated buildings, and the influence of ventilation — a review and meta-analysis' International Journal of Ventilation 18 (3) 153–166 (available at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323296323_VOC_emission_rates_in_newly_built_and_renovated_buildings_and_the_influence_of_ventilation_-_a_review_and_meta-analysis)

Howieson 2005 Housing and Asthma, Taylor and Francis London

Howieson, S. G., Sharpe, T. & Farren, P How are new air tightness standards affecting indoor air quality in dwellings? Building Services Engineering Research and Technology. 35, 5, p. 475-487 13 p. Building tight – ventilating right? Sep 2014

Jaakkola, J. J. & Miettinen, P., 1995. Ventilation Rate in Office Buildings and Sick Building Syndrome. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 52(11), pp. 709-714.

Jamieson SS, Dimitroulopoulou S, Brown VM and Colvile RN (2005) 'Levels of indoor VOCs in workplaces in a polluted urbanarea of London' Indoor Built Environment 14 (3/4) 259–268

Järnström H, Saarela K, Kalliokoski P, et al. Reference values for indoor air pollutant concentrations in new, residential buildings in Finland. Atmos Environ 2006; 40: 7178–7191

Jones NC, Thornton CA, Mark D, et al. Indoor/outdoor relationships of particulate matter in domestic homes with roadside, urban and rural locations. Atmos Environ 2000; 34: 2603–2612.

Kaunelienė V, Prasauskas T, Krugly E, et al. Indoor air quality in low energy residential building in Lithuania. Build Environ 2016; 108: 63–72

Kembel, S. W. et al. Architectural design influences the diversity and structure of the built environment microbiome. Int. Soc. Microbial Ecol. J. 2012; 6, 1469–1479

Kim S, Kim H-J. Comparison of formaldehyde emission from building finishing materials at various temperatures in under heating system; ONDOL. Indoor Air 2005; 15: 317–325

Kinnane, Sinnott, Turner, 2016, Evaluation of passive ventilation provision in domestic housing retrofit, Building and Environment, https://phai.ie/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/2016-Kinnane-et-al.-2016-Evaluation-of-passive-ventilation-provision-in-domestic-housing-retrofit.pdf

Kolarik B, Gunnarsen L, Logadottir A, et al. Concentrations of Formaldehyde in new Danish

Residential Buildings in Relation to WHO Recommendations and CEN Requirements: Indoor

Built Environ. Epub 2011. DOI: 10.1177/1420326X11419872

Langer S, Ramalho O, Derbez M, et al. Indoor environmental quality in French dwellings and building characteristics. Atmos Environ 2016; 128: 82–91

Langer S, Bekö G. Indoor air quality in the Swedish housing stock and its dependence on building characteristics. Build Environ 2013; 69: 44–54.

LGCD (2017) Building Standards domestic ventilation supporting guidance version 2.1. Part of Building, planning and design. Available at Building Standards domestic ventilation: supporting guidance - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)

Logue JM, McKone TE, Sherman MH, et al. Hazard assessment of chemical air contaminants measured in residences. Indoor Air 2011; 21: 92–109

Mandin C, Trantallidi T, Cattaneo A, Canha N, Mihucz V G, Szigeti T, Mabilia R, Perreca E, Spinazzè A, Fossati S, De Kluizenaar Y,Cornelissen E, Sakellaris I, Saraga D, Hänninen O, De Oliveira Fernandes E, Ventura G, Wolkoff P, Carrer P, Bartzis J (2017).

Assessment of indoor air quality in office buildings across Europe - The OFFICAIR study, Science of The Total Environment 579 169–178 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27866741)

McGill G, Qin M, Oyedele L. A Case Study Investigation of Indoor Air Quality in UK Passivhaus Dwellings. Energy Procedia 2014; 62: 190–199

McGill G, Oyedele LO, McAllister K. Case study investigation of indoor air quality in mechanically ventilated and naturally ventilated UK social housing. Int J Sustain Built Environ 2015; 4: 58–77

McSharry, C., Vesper, S., Wymer, L., Howieson, S., Chaudhuri, R., Wright, G. R.& Thomson, N. C. Clinical and Experimental Allergy. 20 p. Decreased FEV1% asthmatic adults in Scottish homes with high environmental relative moldiness index values, 2015

Moreno-Rangel A, Sharpe T, McGill G, et al. Indoor Air Quality in Passivhaus Dwellings: A Literature Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17: 4749

Noorimotlagh 2021 Jaafarzadeh N, Silva S and Environironmental Research. 2021 A systematic review of possible airborne transmission of the COVID-19 virus (SARS-CoV-2) in the indoor air environment

Noorimotlagh 2021 Noorimotlagh Z, Jaafarzadeh N, Silva S and Environironmental Research. 2021 A systematic review of possible airborne transmission of the COVID-19 virus (SARS-CoV-2) in the indoor air environment

OJEU (2008b) 'Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe' Official Journal of the European Union (available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/en/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32008L0050)

Perera, E. & Parkins, L. "Build tight - ventilate right", Building Services, Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers, London, June 1992, pp 37-38

Porteous 2013 Porteous C, Sharpe T, Menon R, Shearer D, et al. Domestic laundering: Environmental audit in Glasgow with emphasis on passive indoor drying and air quality Domestic laundering: Environmental audit in Glasgow with emphasis on passive indoor drying and air quality. Indoor and Built Environment 2013

Raw GJ, Coward SKD, Brown VM, et al. Exposure to air pollutants in English homes. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2004; 14: S85–S94

RIAS Practice Information for Chartered practices. (2016) OS1612: Ventilation Design Strategy – Flowchart Section 3.0 Guidance. Available at https://rias.org.uk/for-practices/practice-notes

RCP (2016) Every breath we take: the lifelong impact of air pollution — Report of a working party (London: Royal College of Physicians) https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/projects/outputs/every-breath-we-take-lifelong-impact-air-pollution)

RCPCH (2020) The inside story: Health effects of indoor air quality on children and young people (London: Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health) https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/resources/inside-story-health-effects-indoor-air-qualitychildren-young-people

Rode C, Qin M, Grunewald J, et al. Key findings of IEA EBC Annex 68 - indoor air quality design and control in low energy residential buildings. In: ResearchGate, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336747000_Key_findings_of_IEA_EBC_Annex_68_-indoor_air_quality_design_and_control_in_low_energy_residential_buildings (2019)

SFHA (2022). What's on. Available at https://www.sfha.co.uk/whats-on/event-details/understanding-the-role-of-ventilation

Sharpe T, Farren P, Howieson S. et al. Occupant interactions and effectiveness of natural ventilation strategies in contemporary new housing in Scotland, UK, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 12, 7, p. 8480-8497 Jul 2015 https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/12/7/8480

Sharpe T, McQuillan J, Howieson S, Farren P, Touhy P (2014) Research Project To Investigate Occupier Influence On Indoor Air Quality In Dwellings, Scottish Government Technical Report (Local Government and Communities Building Standards Division), 21 August 2014 https://www2.gov.scot/Resource/0046/00460968.pdf http://www.gov.scot/publications/building-standards-domestic-ventilation-supporting-guidance/

Sharpe et al. 2018, Ability of decentralized mechanical ventilation to act as 'whole-house' ventilation systems in new-build dwellings', The Scottish Government, http://radar.gsa.ac.uk/7085/1/Final%20report%20dMEV.pdf

Sharpe, T., McGill, G., Dancer, S., King, M-F., Fletcher, L., Noakes, C., Influence of ventilation use and occupant behaviour on surface microorganisms in contemporary social housing, Scientific Reports, 2020: 10 (11841), https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-68809-2#ref-CR15

Stamp S, Burman E, Shrubsole C. et al (2021) Seasonal variations and the influence of ventilation rates on IAQ: A case study of 5 Low-Energy London Apartments

Stranger M, Verbeke S, Täubel M, et al. Clean Air, Low Energy - Exploratory research on the quality of the indoor environment in energy-efficient buildings: the influence of outdoor environment and ventilation. 2012; 346

Sullivan 2007 https://www.gov.scot/publications/a-low-carbon-strategy-scotland-sullivan-report/

TSO (2010b) The Air Quality Standards Regulations 2010 (London: The Stationery Office) (available at http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2010/1001)

Trantallidi M, Dimitroulopoulou C, Wolkoff P, Kephalopoulos S and Carrer P (2015) 'EPHECT III: Health risk assessment of exposure to household consumer products' Science of The Total Environment 536 903–13

Tuomainen M, Pasanen A-L, Tuomainen A, et al. Usefulness of the Finnish classification of indoor climate, construction and finishing materials: comparison of indoor climate between two new blocks of flats in Finland. Atmos Environ 2001; 35: 305–313

UN 2015 https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/blog/2015/12/sustainable-development-goals-kick-off-with-start-of-new-year/

Wargocki, (2016), The effects of ventilation in homes on health, International journal of ventilation, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14733315.2013.11684005

Wright G, Howieson S, McSharry C, McMahon A, Chaudhuri R, Thompson J, Fraser I, Brooks R, Lawson A, Jolly L, McAlpine L, King E, Chapman M, Wood S, Thomson N. Effect of improved home ventilation on asthma control and house dust mite allergen levels, Allergy, 29th March, 2009

World Health Organization Who guidelines for indoor air quality: selected pollutants. Copenhagen: WHO, 2010

WHO (2014b) Guidelines for indoor air quality: Household fuel combustion (Geneva: World Health Organization) http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/141496/1/9789241548885_eng.pdf?ua=1

WHO (2006a) Air quality guidelines for particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide: Global update 2005: Summary of risk assessment (Geneva: World Health Organization Occupational and Environmental Health Team) (available at https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/69477)

WHO (2010a) WHO guidelines for indoor air quality: selected pollutants (Copenhagen: World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe) (available at https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/260127/9789289002134-eng.pdf)

Wargocki 2002 Wargocki L. Lagercrantz T. Witterseh J. Sundell D. P. Wyon P. O. Fanger Subjective perceptions, symptom intensity and performance: a comparison of two independent studies, both changing similarly the pollution load in an office Indoor Air 2002 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0668.2002.01101.

Wolkoff P. Impact of air velocity, temperature, humidity, and air on long term voc emissions from building products. Atmos Environ 1998; 32: 2659–2668

Wolkoff P and Nielsen GD (2001) 'Organic compounds for indoor air: their relevance for perceived indoor air quality?'Atmospheric Environment 35 (26) 4407–17 (available at https://www.academia.edu/25184984/Organic_compounds_in_indoor_air_their_relevance_for_perceived_indoor_air_quality)

Wolkoff P (2013) 'Indoor air pollutants in office environments: Assessment of comfort, health, and performance' International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 216 4 371–94

Yang S, Perret V, Jörin CH, et al. Volatile organic compounds in 169 energy-efficient dwellings in Switzerland. Indoor Air 2020; 30: 481–491

Yoshimo H, Netsu K, Yoshida M, et al. Yoshimo H, Netsu K, Yoshida M, Ikeda K, Nozaki A, Kakuta K, Hojo S, Yoshino H, Amano K, Ishikawa S (2006). Long term field survey on IAQ and occupant's health in 57 sick houses in Japan. Proceedings of 2006, III, Lisbon, 4–6 June 2006. In: Healthy Buildings. Lisbon, 2006, pp. 315–320.

Yu CWF, Kim JT. Low-Carbon Housings and Indoor Air Quality. Indoor Built Environ 2012; 21: 5–15.

Yu CWF, Kim JT. Building Environmental Assessment Schemes for Rating of IAQ in Sustainable Buildings. Indoor Built Environ 2011; 20: 5–15.