Planning and climate change guidance: research report issue 3

Footnotes

1 BSI Group (2023) PAS 2080: Carbon Management in Buildings and Infrastructure.

2 Scottish Government (2023) National Planning Framework 4. (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

3 Institute of Civil Engineers (2020) Reducing Carbon in UK Infrastructure. Available at: ice-carbonproject-ig1.pdf (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

4UK Government (1997) Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1997. (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

5 DESNZ (2023) Greenhouse Gas Reporting: Conversion Factors 2023. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/greenhouse-gas-reporting-conversion-factors-2023 (Accessed 26/01/2024).

6 Circular Ecology (2019) Inventory of Carbon and Energy Database. Available at: https://circularecology.com/embodied-carbon-footprint-database.html (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

7 BCIS (2023) Built Environment Carbon Database. (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

8 BSI Group (2011) BS EN 15978 Sustainability of construction works. Available at: https://landingpage.bsigroup.com/LandingPage/Undated?UPI=000000000030256638 (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

9 BSI Group (2022) BS EN 17472 Sustainability of construction works, Calculation Methods. Available at: https://landingpage.bsigroup.com/LandingPage/Standard?UPI=000000000030408035 (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

10 Natural England (2021). Carbon Storage and Sequestration by Habitat 2021 (NERR094). https://publications.naturalengland.org.uk/publication/5419124441481216 (Accessed: 22 March 2024).

11 Zero Waste Scotland (2022). Regulating Embodied Carbon. Available at: https://cdn.zerowastescotland.org.uk/managed-downloads/mf-decg03no-1698760717d. (Accessed: 21 March 2024)

12 BSI Group (2023) PAS 2080: Carbon Management in Infrastructure. Available at: https://shop.bsigroup.com/products/carbon-management-in-infrastructure/standard (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

13 Ofgem (2023) RIIO-ED2 Environmental Reporting Guidance. Available at: https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2023-02/Annual%20Environmental%20Report%20-%20Guidance1676371295335.pdf (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

14 Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (2023) Whole Life Carbon Assessment for the Built Environment. Available at: https://www.rics.org/profession-standards/rics-standards-and-guidance/sector-standards/construction-standards/whole-life-carbon-assessment.html (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

15 Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment (2022) Guide for Assessing Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Evaluating their Significance, IEMA. Available at: https://www.iema.net/resources/blog/2022/02/28/launch-of-the-updated-eia-guidance-on-assessing-ghg-emissions (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

16 Greenhouse Gas Protocol (2015) Corporate standard: GHG protocol. Available at: https://ghgprotocol.org/corporate-standard (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

17 International Organization for Standardisation (2019) ISO 14064-2:2019. Available at: https://www.iso.org/standard/66454.html (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

18 London Energy Transformation Initiative (2020) Climate Emergency Design Guide. Available at: https://www.leti.uk/cedg (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

19 Greater London Authority (2022). London Plan Guidance - Whole Life Cycle Carbon Assessments. Available at: https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/lpg_-_wlca_guidance.pdf. (Accessed: 21 March 2024).

20 BSI Group (2011) BS EN 15978 Sustainability of construction works. Available at: https://landingpage.bsigroup.com/LandingPage/Undated?UPI=000000000030256638 (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

21 Scottish Government (2022). Scottish City Region and Growth Deals: Carbon Management Guidance for Projects and Programmes. Available at: https://www.gov.scot/publications/scottish-city-region-growth-deals-carbon-management-guidance-projects-programmes/. (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

22 Moray Council. Carbon Guidance for Planning Applications and S36 and S37 Consents. Available at: http://www.moray.gov.uk/downloads/file148990.pdf. (Accessed: 21 March 2024).

23 UK Green Building Council (2021). Net Zero Whole Life Carbon Roadmap. Available at: https://ukgbc.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/UKGBC-Whole-Life-Carbon-Roadmap-A-Pathway-to-Net-Zero.pdf. (Accessed: 21 March 2024).

24 ClimateXChange (2020). Review of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in SEA and EIA Processes. Available at: https://www.climatexchange.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/review-of-greenhouse-gas-emissions-in-sea-and-eia-final-report-january-21.pdf. (Accessed: 21 March 2024).

25 Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment (2022) Guide for Assessing Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Evaluating their Significance, IEMA. Available at: https://www.iema.net/resources/blog/2022/02/28/launch-of-the-updated-eia-guidance-on-assessing-ghg-emissions (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

26 Scottish Government (2017) Environmental Impact Assessment. Available at: https://www.gov.scot/policies/environmental-assessment/environmental-impact-assessment-eia/ (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

27 Scottish Government (2005) Strategic Environmental Assessment. Available at: https://www.gov.scot/policies/environmental-assessment/strategic-environmental-assessment-sea/ (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

28 Scottish Government (2021) Net Zero Public Sector Buildings Standard. Available at: https://www.netzerostandard.scot/ (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

29 Scottish Government (2022). Scottish City Region and Growth Deals: Carbon Management Guidance for Projects and Programmes. Available at: https://www.gov.scot/publications/scottish-city-region-growth-deals-carbon-management-guidance-projects-programmes/. (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

30 Scottish Government (2021). A National Mission with Local Impact: Infrastructure Investment Plan for Scotland 2021-22 to 2025-26. Available at: https://www.gov.scot/binaries/content/documents/govscot/publications/strategy-plan/2021/02/national-mission-local-impact-infrastructure-investment-plan-scotland-2021-22-2025-26/documents/national-mission-local-impact-infrastructure-investment-plan-scotland-2021-22-2025-26/national-mission-local-impact-infrastructure-investment-plan-scotland-2021-22-2025-26/govscot%3Adocument/national-mission-local-impact-infrastructure-investment-plan-scotland-2021-22-2025-26.pdf. (Accessed: 21 March 2024).

31 Part Z (2023) Proposed Document Z. Available at: https://part-z.uk/proposal (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

32 UK Government (2023) Future Homes and Buildings Standard. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/the-future-homes-and-buildings-standards-2023-consultation/the-future-homes-and-buildings-standards-2023-consultation (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

33 Scottish Government. Energy Standards Review – Scottish Passivhaus Equivalent: Working Group. Available at: https://www.gov.scot/groups/energy-standards-review-scottish-passivhaus-equivalent-working-group/. (Accessed: 21 March 2024).

34 UKNZCBuildings (2023) Net Zero Carbon Buildings Standard. Available at: https://www.nzcbuildings.co.uk/ (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

35 Climate Emergency Response Group (2023) CERG Briefing Papers. Available at: https://cerg.scot/briefing-papers/ (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

36 Scottish Government (2021) A national mission with local impact: Infrastructure Investment Plan for Scotland 2021-22 to 2025-26. Available at: https://www.gov.scot/publications/national-mission-local-impact-infrastructure-investment-plan-scotland-2021-22-2025-26/pages/11/ (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

37 Zero Waste Scotland (2022). Built Environment and Embodied Carbon. Available at: https://www.zerowastescotland.org.uk/resources/built-environment-embodied-carbon. (Accessed: 21 March 2024).

38 Zero Waste Scotland (2022). Embodied Carbon - Status Quo and Suggested Steps. Available at: https://cdn.zerowastescotland.org.uk/managed-downloads/mf-x0da4o-r-1698760616d. (Accessed: 21 March 2024).

39 Zero Waste Scotland (2022). Regulation Embodied Carbon in Scotland’s Buildings. Available at: https://cdn.zerowastescotland.org.uk/managed-downloads/mf-rgz8wha4-1698760774d. (Accessed: 21 March 2024)

40 Climate Change Committee Progress in reducing emissions in Scotland - 2021 Report to Parliament Available online: https://www.theccc.org.uk/publication/progress-reducingemissions-in-scotland-2021-report-to-parliament/. (Accessed 20^th March 2024)

41 Scotland’s Climate Assembly (2021). Recommendations for Action. Available at: https://www.climateassembly.scot/full-report. (Accessed: 29 Feb 2024).

42 Swedish Government (2021) Act (2021:787) on climate statement for buildings. Available at: https://leap.unep.org/en/countries/se/national-legislation/act-2021787-climate-statement-buildings (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

43 BSI Group (2011) BS EN 15978 Sustainability of construction works. Available at: https://landingpage.bsigroup.com/LandingPage/Undated?UPI=000000000030256638 (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

44 Boverket (2023) Limit values for climate impact from buildings and an expanded climate. Available at: https://www.boverket.se/en/start/publications/publications/2023/limit-values-for-climate-impact-from-buildings/ (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

45 Danish Government (2018) Building regulations 2018 (BR18). Available at: https://www.iea.org/policies/2511-building-regulations-2018-br18 (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

46 Irish Government (2021) Climate Action and Low Carbon Development Act 2021. Available at: https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2021/act/32/enacted/en/html (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

47 OPR (2022) OPR Case Study Paper CSP05 - Climate Action and the Local Authority Development Plan. (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

48 UNFCC (ND) Nationally Determined Contributions. Available at: https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement/nationally-determined-contributions-ndcs (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

49 Ministry for the Environment (2019) Climate change response (Zero carbon) amendment act 2019. Available at: https://environment.govt.nz/acts-and-regulations/acts/climate-change-response-amendment-act-2019/ (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

50 Greater London Authority (2018) Carbon Offset Funds. Available at: https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/carbon_offsett_funds_guidance_2018.pdf (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

51 AECOM (2017) London Carbon Offset Price. Available at: https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/london_carbon_offset_price_-_aecom_.pdf (Accessed 26 January 2024)

52 Town and Country Planning Association (2023). Available at: https://www.tcpa.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/TCPA-RTPI-Climate-Guide-4th-edition-1.pdf. (Accessed: 21 March 2024).

53 UK Green Building Council (2021). Net Zero Whole Life Carbon Roadmap. Available at: https://ukgbc.org/our-work/topics/whole-life-carbon-roadmap/. (Accessed: 21 March 2024).

54 Moray Council. Carbon Guidance for Planning Applications and S36 and S37 Consents. Available at: http://www.moray.gov.uk/downloads/file148990.pdf. (Accessed: 21 March 2024).

55 Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (2023) Whole Life Carbon Assessment for the Built Environment. Available at: https://www.rics.org/profession-standards/rics-standards-and-guidance/sector-standards/construction-standards/whole-life-carbon-assessment.html (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

56 Circular Ecology (2019) Inventory of Carbon and Energy Database. Available at: https://circularecology.com/embodied-carbon-footprint-database.html (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

57 London Energy Transformation Initiative (2020) Climate Emergency Design Guide. Available at: https://www.leti.uk/cedg (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

58 Scottish Government. Carbon Calculator Tool. Available at: https://informatics.sepa.org.uk/CarbonCalculator/. (Accessed 21 March 2024).

59 BSI Group (2011) BS EN 15978 Sustainability of construction works. Available at: https://landingpage.bsigroup.com/LandingPage/Undated?UPI=000000000030256638 (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

60 Scottish Government (2022). Scottish City Region and Growth Deals: Carbon Management Guidance for Projects and Programmes. Available at: https://www.gov.scot/publications/scottish-city-region-growth-deals-carbon-management-guidance-projects-programmes/. (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

61 Moray Council. Carbon Guidance for Planning Applications and S36 and S37 Consents. Available at: http://www.moray.gov.uk/downloads/file148990.pdf. (Accessed: 21 March 2024).

62 World Green Building Council. New Report: the Building and Construction Sector can Reach Net Zero Carbon Emissions by 2050. Available at: https://worldgbc.org/article/new-report-the-building-and-construction-sector-can-reach-net-zero-carbon-emissions-by-2050/. (Accessed: 21 March 2024).

63 London Energy Transformation Initiative (2020) Climate Emergency Design Guide. Available at: https://www.leti.uk/cedg (Accessed: 26 January 2024).

64 These are estimates based on data available in suitably authoritative sources such as the LETI Embodied Carbon Primer, the DecarboN8 reports on the embodied carbon of roads and railways, and CESMM4. Available at: https://www.leti.uk/ecp (Accessed: 9 May 2024); https://decarbon8.org.uk/EmbodiedEmissions-road/ (Accessed: 9 May 2024); https://decarbon8.org.uk/EmbodiedEmissions-rail/ (Accessed: 9 May 2024); https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/book/10.1680/cesmm.57517 (Accessed: 9 May 2024)

65 LETI. Carbon Alignment. Available at: https://www.leti.uk/carbonalignment. (Accessed 22 February 2024).

66 RIBA. 2030 Climate Challenge. Available at: https://www.architecture.com/about/policy/climate-action/2030-climate-challenge. (Accessed: 22 February 2024).

67 Future Homes Hub. Available at: https://www.futurehomes.org.uk/. (Accessed 22 February 2024).