Scottish Fish Farm Production Survey 2013

The annual production survey of fish farms in Scotland for 2013 was carried out by Marine Scotland Science (MSS). This survey collates annual production data from Scottish fin fish farm sites operated by authorised aquaculture production businesses.


1. RAINBOW TROUT ( Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Production survey information was collected from all 24 companies actively involved in rainbow trout production, farming 46 active sites. This figure represents the entire industry operating in Scotland.

Production

Table 1a: Total production (tonnes) of rainbow trout during 1999-2013 and projected production in 2014

Year Tonnes Year Tonnes
1999 5,834 2007 7,414
2000 5,154 2008 7,670
2001 5,466 2009 6,766
2002 6,659 2010 5,139
2003 7,085 2011 4,619
2004 6,352 2012 5,670
2005 6,989 2013 5,611
2006 7,492 2014 6,836*

Production decreased in 2013 by 59 tonnes, a decrease of 1%.
* Industry estimate based on stocks currently being on-grown.

Table 1b: Production (tonnes) for the table trade during 2003-2013 according to weight category

Year <450 g 450-900 g >900 g Total
<1 lb 1-2 lbs >2 lbs Tonnes
2003 2,531 1,181 2,477 6,189
2004 1,553 1,946 1,917 5,416
2005 2,856 1,203 2,111 6,170
2006 2,182 1,810 2,636 6,628
2007 2,499 1,663 2,407 6,569
2008 2,375 1,950 2,487 6,812
2009 2,232 1,143 2,620 5,995
2010 2,125 727 1,606 4,458
2011 1,421 1,004 1,433 3,858
2012 1,195 1,655 2,209 5,059
2013 1,908 825 2,268 5,001

Production for the table in 2013 was 5,001 tonnes, a decrease of 58 tonnes (1%) on the 2012 total, and accounted for 89.1% of the total rainbow trout production, a similar proportion to that produced in 2012. Increases in the number of fish in the small and large size ranges and a decrease in the number of fish in the medium size range were highlighted.

Table 1c: Production (tonnes) for the restocking trade during 2003-2013 according to weight category

Year <450 g 450-900 g >900 g Total
<1 lb 1-2 lbs >2 lbs Tonnes
2003 63 490 343 896
2004 64 509 363 936
2005 21 390 408 819
2006 36 357 471 864
2007 24 413 408 845
2008 27 351 480 858
2009 32 294 444 770
2010 19 201 461 681
2011 8 419 334 761
2012 22 266 323 611
2013 24 221 365 610

In 2013, production for the restocking of angling waters decreased to 610 tonnes representing a decrease of one tonne (0.2%) on the 2012 total. This accounted for 10.9% of total rainbow trout production in 2013. These figures represent the tonnage of fish supplied to angling waters for restocking purposes; they do not account for the catch taken by anglers. The production of medium sized fish showed a decrease, while this increased for small and large sized fish.

Production by Site

Table 2: Numbers of sites grouped by tonnage produced during 2003-2013

Year Number of sites per production tonnage Total number of sites
<1-25 26-100 101-200 >200
2003 17 9 6 11 43
2004 14 14 5 10 43
2005 18 12 6 11 47
2006 16 15 6 13 50
2007 14 15 3 16 48
2008 8 15 7 14 44
2009 10 11 7 11 39
2010 7 13 9 7 36
2011 9 10 6 8 33
2012 10 10 6 8 34
2013 6 11 5 8 30

Production was reported from 30 of the 46 active sites. The number of producers in the size brackets <1-25 tonnes and 101-200 tonnes decreased in 2013, while those producers in the 26-100 tonne size bracket increased and the >200 tonnes size bracket remained the same. These figures do not include those sites specialising in the production of ova or young fish for on-growing.

Production by Method

Table 3: Grouping of rainbow trout sites by production tonnages, main methods of production in 2013 and comparison with production in 2012

Production method Production grouping (tonnes) in 2013 Total tonnage and (%) by method Number of sites
<10 10-25 26-50 51-100 >100 2012 2013 2012 2013
FW cages 1 0 0 0 5 2,220
(39.2%)
2,424
(43.2%)
6 6
FW ponds and raceways 1 1 3 7 3 1,362
(24.0%)
1,213
(21.6%)
18 15
FW tanks and hatcheries 3 0 0 0 0 12 (<1%) 10 (<1%) 3 3
SW cages 0 0 1 0 5 2,076
(36.6%)
1,964
(35.0%)
7 6
SW tanks 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 5 1 4 7 13 5,670 5,611 34 30

Freshwater production accounted for 3,647 tonnes (65.0%) and seawater production for the remaining 1,964 tonnes (35.0%). Production from freshwater cages increased whilst there was a decrease in production from freshwater ponds and raceways and seawater cages.

Company and Site Data

Table 4: Number of companies and sites in production during 2000-2013

Year No. of companies No. of sites
2000 54 63
2001 50 57
2002 39 57
2003 37 56
2004 38 62
2005 42 70
2006 36 66
2007 38 70
2008 31 66
2009 27 56
2010 25 51
2011 23 48
2012 25 48
2013 24 46

In 2013 the number of companies authorised by the Scottish Government and actively engaged in rainbow trout production was 24. The number of sites registered and in production was 46.

Staffing and Productivity

Table 5: Number of staff employed and productivity per person during 2000-2013

Year Full-time Part-time Total Productivity (tonnes/person)
2000 121 47 168 30.7
2001 118 41 159 34.4
2002 114 46 160 41.6
2003 107 41 148 47.9
2004 115 37 152 41.8
2005 108 35 143 48.9
2006 112 35 147 51.0
2007 111 32 143 51.8
2008 107 34 141 54.4
2009 111 27 138 49.0
2010 98 31 129 39.8
2011 95 23 118 39.1
2012 79 28 107 53.0
2013 89 21 110 51.0

The overall number of staff employed in 2013 increased by three to 110. The numbers of full-time staff increased by 10 while the number of part-time staff decreased by seven. Productivity, measured as tonnes produced per person, decreased by 3.8% in 2013 with no distinction between full and part-time employees being made for this calculation.

Production by Area

Table 6: Production and staffing by area in 2013

Area No. of sites Table production (tonnes) Restocking production (tonnes) Mean tonnes per site Staffing Productivity (tonnes/person)
F/T P/T Total
North 6 5 36 6.8 2 2 4 10.3
East 14 881 248 80.6 32 6 38 29.7
West 12 3,593 39 302.7 20 7 27 134.5
South 14 522 287 57.8 35 6 41 19.7
All 46 5,001 610 122.0 89 21 110 51.0

Productivity was greatest in the West at 302.7 tonnes per site and 134.5 tonnes per person.

Figure 1: The distribution of active rainbow trout sites in 2013

Figure 1: The distribution of active rainbow trout sites in 2013

Type of Ova Laid Down

Table 7: Number (000's) and proportions (%) of eyed ova types laid down to hatch during 2002-2013

Year All female diploid no. (%) Triploid no. (%) Mixed sex diploid no. (%) Total ova
2002 19,733 (89) 1,822 (8) 570 (3) 22,125
2003 24,692 (94) 1,586 (6) 60 (<1) 26,338
2004 29,272 (90) 3,146 (10) 138 (<1) 32,556
2005 16,773 (83) 1,729 (8) 1,745 (9) 20,247
2006 22,378 (84) 2,804 (10) 1,626 (6) 26,808
2007 23,630 (83) 2,531 (9) 2,140 (8) 28,301
2008 22,978 (88) 2,526 (9) 725 (3) 26,229
2009 15,469 (87) 2,341 (13) 35 (<1) 17,845
2010 13,352 (89) 1,052 (7) 675 (4) 15,079
2011 12,673 (84) 2,254 (15) 215 (1) 15,142
2012 10,967 (85) 2,005 (15) 7 (<1) 12,979
2013 7,857 (80) 1,955 (20) 77 (<1) 9,889

Source of Ova Laid Down

Table 8: Number (000's) and sources of eyed ova laid down to hatch in 2002-2013

Year Ova produced in Great Britain ( GB) Imported ova Total
Own stock Other stock Total Northern hemisphere Southern hemisphere Total
2002 530 200 730 12,385 9,010 21,395 22,125
2003 430 280 710 25,578 50 25,628 26,338
2004 330 320 650 31,906 0 31,906 32,556
2005 281 105 386 16,977 2,884 19,861 20,247
2006 541 2,169 2,710 22,588 1,510 24,098 26,808
2007 936 230 1,166 26,650 485 27,135 28,301
2008 582 487 1,069 25,160 0 25,160 26,229
2009 603 220 823 17,022 0 17,022 17,845
2010 415 50 465 14,614 0 14,614 15,079
2011 215 189 404 14,738 0 14,738 15,142
2012 14 230 244 12,735 0 12,735 12,979
2013 77 537 614 9,275 0 9,275 9,889

The total number of eyed ova laid down to hatch in 2013 was less than that in 2012. The proportion of ova from GB broodstock increased to 6.2% of the total and the rainbow trout industry remained reliant on imported ova. Data on the importation of ova into Scotland are also available from the health certificates and are shown in Table 9a. Any discrepancy between the figures in Tables 8 and 9a is due to data being obtained from two independent sources.

Imports from Official Import Health Certificates

Table 9a: Number (000's) and sources of ova imported into Scotland from outwith GB during 2006-2013

Source 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Australia 1,500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Denmark 14,525 13,070 5,530 4,070 1,715 5,250 1,950 1,315
Isle of Man 3,480 3,767 775 290 1,400 520 300 800
N. Ireland 2,830 7,721 16,130 10,090 9,247 7,320 8,332 5,125
Norway 500 1,200 1,500 750 200 130 300 175
South Africa 0 485 0 0 0 0 0 0
USA 2,310 890 1,490 2,240 2,340 1,580 1,800 2,350
Totals 25,145 27,133 25,425 17,440 14,902 14,800 12,682 9,765

Table 9b: Seasonal variation in numbers (000's) and sources of ova imported into Scotland from outwith GB during 2013

Month Denmark Isle of Man N. Ireland Norway USA
January 0 525 0 0 0
February 300 0 800 0 0
March 150 0 125 0 0
April 375 275 800 175 0
May 200 0 400 0 0
June 0 0 0 0 150
July 0 0 400 0 500
August 0 0 200 0 800
September 0 0 970 0 700
October 0 0 730 0 0
November 235 0 350 0 200
December 55 0 350 0 0
Totals 1,315 800 5,125 175 2,350

Suppliers within the European Union ( EU) accounted for 74.1% of ova imported into Scotland during 2013 with the USA and the Isle of Man accounting for 24.1% and 8.2% respectively. To maintain their ability to regulate production throughout the year and produce a constant supply of fish for their markets, producers have to rely upon supplies of out of season ova.

Table 9c: Number (000's) and sources of fish imported into Scotland from outwith GB during 2006-2013

Source 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
N. Ireland <1 18 33 0 <1 72 155 537
Republic of Ireland 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0

Trade in Fry and Fingerlings

Table 10: Number (000's) of fry and fingerlings traded during 2002-2013

Year Fry and fingerlings bought Total number bought Total number sold
All female diploid no. (%) Triploid no. (%) Mixed sex diploid no. (%)
2002 10,031 (88) 670 (6) 667 (6) 11,368 10,101
2003 17,500 (94) 1,007 (5) 193 (1) 18,700 17,451
2004 18,859 (91) 1,536 (7) 364 (2) 20,759 19,166
2005 14,618 (83) 1,532 (9) 1,480 (8) 17,630 16,919
2006 19,731 (89) 1,675 (7) 790 (4) 22,196 20,460
2007 14,830 (89) 1,140 (7) 675 (4) 16,645 23,631
2008 24,298 (95) 1,082 (4) 118 (0.5) 25,498 31,036
2009 21,113 (94) 1,358 (6) 0 22,471 20,597
2010 15,539 (95) 585 (4) 141 (1) 16,265 14,686
2011 16,288 (88.5) 1,970 (10.7) 138 (0.8) 18,396 16,612
2012 12,543 (91) 1,226 (9) 0 13,769 12,088
2013 6,734 (84) 1,239 (16) 0 7,973 6,749

The established trade between hatcheries and on-growing farms continued in 2013. Some companies specialised in the production of fry and fingerlings. The total number of fry and fingerlings bought and sold decreased by 42.1% and 44.2% respectively. The disparity between supply and demand is due to trade with England and Wales.

Use of Vaccines

Table 11: Number of sites rearing fish vaccinated against enteric redmouth disease ( ERM) and number of fish vaccinated (millions) during 2002-2013

Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
No. of sites 34 38 42 37 31 28 28 31 27 26 24 19
No. of fish 30.6 32.9 30.6 30.0 36.4 41.4 29.1 27.5 20.0 20.3 20.4 9.9

Vaccines continued to be widely used as a preventative treatment against enteric redmouth disease ( ERM), a potentially serious bacterial infection, caused by Yersinia ruckeri. Vaccination is generally carried out as a bath treatment at the fingerling stage, although some vaccines are administered by intra-peritoneal injection. A total of 9.9 million fish were vaccinated on 19 sites.

Organic Production

None of the 46 active rainbow trout sites in 2013 had organic certification.

Escapes

There were two incidents involving the loss of a total of 7,442 fish from rainbow trout sites in 2013.

Contact

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