The Scottish Health Survey 2008

6 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY - References and notes

1. Telford, R.D. (2007). Low physical activity and obesity: causes of chronic disease or simply predictors? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 39 (8), 1233-40.

2. Lee, D.C., Sui, X. and Blair, S.N. (2009). Does physical activity ameliorate the health hazards of obesity? British Journal of Sports Medicine. 43 (1), 49-51.

3. World Health Report. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 2002.

4. McPherson, K., Britton, A. and Causer, L. (2002). Coronary heart disease. Estimating the impact of changes in risk factors. London: The Stationery Office.

5. Gillespie, G. and Melly, D. (2003) 'Health and Economic Benefits of Increased Physical Activity in Scotland', Ch.4C in Scottish Economic Report: 2003, Edinburgh: Scottish Executive .http://www.scotland.gov.uk/library5/finance/ser03-15.asp

6. Physical Activity Task Force. (2003). Let's make Scotland more Active. A strategy for Physical Activity. Edinburgh: Crown Copyright. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/library5/culture/lmsa-00.asp

7. Morris, J.N. (1994). Exercise in the prevention of coronary heart-disease - today's best buy in public-health. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise.26, 807-814.

8. Probstfield, J.L. (2003). How cost-effective are new preventive strategies for cardiovascular disease? American Journal of Cardiology. 91 (10A), 22G-7G.

9. Shaw, A., McMunn, A. and Field, J. (eds). (2000). The Scottish Health Survey 1998. Edinburgh: The Stationery Office. http://www.show.scot.nhs.uk/scottishhealthsurvey/sh8-00.html

10. Towards a Healthier Scotland: A White Paper on Health. Edinburgh: The Scottish Office Department of Health, 1999.

11. Five-year review of 'Let's Make Scotland More Active' - A strategy for physical activity. Glasgow: NHS Health Scotland, 2009. www.healthscotland.com/documents/3223.aspx

12. Scottish Budget Spending Review 2007, Edinburgh: Scottish Government, 2007. [online] Available from: www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2007/11/13092240/0 See also: www.scotlandperforms.com

13. Better Health, Better Care Action Plan. Edinburgh: Scottish Government, 2007.

14. Healthy Eating, Active Living: An action plan to improve diet, increase physical activity and tackle obesity (2008-2011). Edinburgh: Scottish Government, 2008.

15. See: http://www.pathsforall.org.uk/pathstohealth/

16. See: http://www.paha.org.uk/paha/CCC_FirstPage.jsp

17. University of Glasgow. (2009). Glasgow 2014: Getting Ahead of the Games. What do we need to know to get the best legacy ever? [online] Available from: http://www.gla.ac.uk/events/glasgow2014legacyconference/ [Accessed 16/04/2009]

18. Stamatakis, E. (2005). Volume 2: Adult health, Chapter 3: Adult Physical Activity. In: Bromley, C., Sproston, K. and Shelton, N., (eds.) The Scottish Health Survey 2003. Edinburgh: The Scottish Executive.

19. Pitson, L. (2000). Volume 1, Chapter 6: Adult Physical Activity. In: Shaw, A., McMunn, A. and Field, J., (eds.) The Scottish Health Survey 1998. Edinburgh: The Scottish Executive Department of Health.

20. Equally Well - Report of the Ministerial Taskforce on Health Inequalities. Edinburgh: Scottish Government, 2008.

21. Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey. London: Health Education Authority and Sports Council, 1992.

22. Home activities:

Examples of 'heavy' gardening or DIY work classified as moderate intensity:

Digging, clearing rough ground, building in stone/bricklaying, mowing large areas with a hand mower, felling trees, chopping wood, mixing/laying concrete, moving heavy loads, refitting a kitchen or bathroom or any similar heavy manual work.

Examples of 'heavy' housework classified as moderate intensity:

Walking with heavy shopping for more than 5 minutes, moving heavy furniture, spring cleaning, scrubbing floors with a scrubbing brush, cleaning windows, or other similar heavy housework.

Examples of 'light' gardening or DIY work classified as light intensity:

Hoeing, weeding, pruning, mowing with a power mower, planting flowers/seeds, decorating, minor household repairs, car washing and polishing, car repairs and maintenance.

23. Sports and Exercise activities - Intensity

Vigorous:

All occurrences of running/jogging, squash, boxing, kick boxing, skipping, trampolining.

Sports coded as vigorous intensity if they had made the participant breathe heavily or sweaty, but otherwise coded as moderate intensity including: cycling, aerobics, keep fit, gymnastics, dance for fitness, weight training, football, rugby, swimming, tennis, badminton.

Moderate:

a) See 'vigorous' category b).

b) All occasions of a large number of activities including: basketball, canoeing, fencing, field athletics, hockey, ice skating, lacrosse, netball, roller skating, rowing, skiing, volleyball.

c) Sports coded as moderate intensity if they had made the participant breathe heavily or sweaty, but otherwise coded as light intensity, including: exercise (press-ups, sit-ups etc), dancing.

Light:

d) See 'moderate' category c).

e) All occasions of a large number of activities including: abseiling, baseball, bowls, cricket, croquet, darts, fishing, golf, riding, rounders, sailing, shooting, snooker, snorkelling, softball, table tennis, yoga.

24. Work activities:

Vigorous:

Considers self very physically active in job and is in one of a small number of occupations defined as involving heavy work including:

fishermen/women, furnace operators, rollerman, smiths and forge workers, faceworking coal-miners, other miners, construction workers and forestry workers.

Moderate:

Considers self very physically active in job and is not in occupation groups listed above OR considers self fairly physically active in job and is one of a small number of occupations involving heavy or moderate work including:

any listed above OR fire service officers, metal plate workers, shipwrights, riveters, steel erectors, benders, fitters, galvanisers, tin platers, dip platers, plasterers, roofers, glaziers, general building workers, road surfacers, stevedores, dockers, goods porters, refuse collectors.

Light:

Considers self fairly physically active in job and is not in one of the occupation groups listed above.

25. Scottish Public Health Observatory (2007). Obesity in Scotland - An epidemiology briefing, Edinburgh: NHS National Services Scotland.

26. World Health Organisation (2000). Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic (Technical Report Series No. 894) Geneva: WHO.