Scottish Health Survey - topic report: The Glasgow Effect

Topic report in the Scottish Health Survey series investigating the existence of


Table 2: Estimated odds ratios for high GHQ score (4+), by associated risk factors

Aged 16 and over
2008/2009

Independent variables

Base (weighted) 11,088

Odds Ratio

95% Confidence Interval

Residence

(p=0.026)

Rest of Scotland

8,578

1

Greater Glasgow and Clyde

2,510

1.19

1.02, 1.39

Sex

(p<0.001)

Male

5,502

1

Female

5,586

1.59

1.38, 1.82

Age

(p<0.001)

16-24

1,529

1

25-34

1,742

1.01

0.76, 1.34

35-44

2,101

0.96

0.72, 1.27

45-54

2,095

1.16

0.86, 1.55

55-64

1,729

0.58

0.42, 0.80

65-74

1,146

0.29

0.20, 0.42

75+

747

0.31

0.20, 0.48

Smoking status

(p=0.002)

Never/ex-occasional smoker

5,836

1

Ex-regular smoker

2,484

1.11

0.93, 1.33

Light smoker

749

1.23

0.95, 1.61

Moderate smoker

1,099

1.41

1.13, 1.75

Heavy smoker/don't know how many smoke a day

921

1.47

1.18, 1.82

Receive income-related benefits

(p=0.004)

No

9,949

1

Yes

1,139

1.35

1.10, 1.67

Potential problem drinker

(p<0.001)

No

9,954

1

Yes

1,134

2.09

1.72, 2.54

Abstainer

(p<0.001)

No

9,685

1

Yes

1,403

1.67

1.41, 1.99

Marital status

(p<0.001)

Married/civil partner and living together

5,743

1

Single (never married/civil partnership)

3,453

1.27

1.05, 1.54

Married/civil partner and separated

375

1.81

1.36, 2.40

Divorced/civil partnership legally dissolved

810

1.32

1.06, 1.64

Widowed/surviving civil partner

708

1.49

1.15, 1.94

Highest Educational Qualifications

(p=0.033)

No Qualifications

2,035

1

Other School Level

747

0.98

0.75, 1.28

Standard Grade or Higher Grade

4,204

0.82

0.68, 0.99

HNC/D, Degree and higher

4,103

1.04

0.85, 1.26

Physical activity

(p<0.001)

Low

3,202

1

Medium

3,514

0.67

0.57, 0.79

High

4,373

0.67

0.57, 0.80

Economic activity

(p<0.001)

Paid employment, self-employed or government training

3,695

1

Full time education

3,692

1.12

0.94, 1.33

Looking for/intending to look for work

440

3.36

2.49, 4.53

Permanently unable to work

1,250

2.91

2.26, 3.74

Retired

1,432

2.08

1.62, 2.67

Looking after home/family

391

1.43

1.04, 1.99

Doing something else

190

1.88

1.17, 3.03

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