Annex 3: Vulnerability Analysis Components & Results
The following tables summarise species sensitivity, exposure, vulnerability and confidence to the impact or threat of key pressures.
Br = Breeding, Nbr = Non-breeding
Table A3. 1 Species Summary: Climate Change.
| Species |
Sensitivity |
Exposure |
Vulnerability |
Confidence |
| Northern fulmar (Br) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Northern fulmar (Nbr) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Manx shearwater |
Medium |
High |
High |
High |
| European Storm-petrel |
Medium |
High |
High |
High |
| Leach's storm petrel |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Arctic skua |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Great skua (Br) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Great skua (Nbr) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Great black-backed gull (Br) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Great black-backed gull (Nbr) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Herring gull (Br) |
Medium |
High |
High |
High |
| Herring gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
High |
High |
High |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br) |
Medium |
High |
High |
High |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
High |
High |
High |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Nbr) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Little tern (Br) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Common tern (Br) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Arctic tern (Br) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Sandwich tern (Br) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Northern gannet (Br) |
Sensitive |
High |
Sensitive |
High |
| Northern gannet (Nbr) |
Low |
High |
Low |
High |
| Great cormorant (Br) |
Low |
High |
Low |
High |
| Great cormorant (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
High |
Sensitive |
High |
| European shag (Br) |
Sensitive |
High |
Sensitive |
High |
| European shag (Nbr) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Razorbill (Br) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Razorbill (Nbr) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Common guillemot (Br) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Common guillemot (Nbr) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Black guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Atlantic puffin (Br) |
High |
High |
High |
High |
| Atlantic puffin (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
High |
Sensitive |
High |
Table A3. 2 Species Summary: Wind Turbine Collision Mortality[14].
| Species |
Sensitivity |
Exposure |
Vulnerability |
Confidence |
| Northern fulmar (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low* |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Northern fulmar (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Low* |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Manx shearwater |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| European Storm-petrel |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Low |
| Leach's storm petrel |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Low |
| Arctic skua |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Low |
| Great skua (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Low |
| Great skua (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium* |
Medium |
Low |
| Great black-backed gull (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Great black-backed gull (Nbr) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Nbr) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Nbr) |
High |
Medium* |
High |
Medium |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium* |
Medium |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br) |
Sensitive |
Medium |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Medium |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Little tern (Br) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Low |
| Common tern (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Arctic tern (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Sandwich tern (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
| Northern gannet (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
| Great cormorant (Br) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| European shag (Br) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| European shag (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Br) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Br) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Black guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Br) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
Table A3. 3 Species Summary: Displacement by Wind Turbines.
| Species |
Sensitivity |
Exposure |
Vulnerability |
Confidence |
| Northern fulmar (Br) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Northern fulmar (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Manx shearwater |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| European Storm-petrel |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Low |
| Leach's storm petrel |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Low |
| Arctic skua |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
| Great skua (Br) |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
| Great skua (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Great black-backed gull (Br) |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
Medium |
| Great black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Br) |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br) |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Little tern (Br) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Low |
| Common tern (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Arctic tern (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Sandwich tern (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
High |
| Northern gannet (Nbr) |
High |
Medium |
High |
High |
| Great cormorant (Br) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| European shag (Br) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| European shag (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
| Razorbill (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
| Common guillemot (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
| Common guillemot (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
| Black guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Table A3. 4 Species Summary: Wind Turbines as a Barrier to Species Movement[15].
| Species |
Sensitivity |
Exposure |
Vulnerability |
Confidence |
| Northern fulmar (Br) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Northern fulmar (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Manx shearwater |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| European Storm-petrel |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Low |
| Leach's storm petrel |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Low |
| Arctic skua |
Low |
Low* |
Low |
Low |
| Great skua (Br) |
Low |
Low* |
Low |
Low |
| Great skua (Nbr) |
Low |
Low* |
Low |
Low |
| Great black-backed gull (Br) |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
Medium |
| Great black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Br) |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br) |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Little tern (Br) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Low |
| Common tern (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Arctic tern (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Sandwich tern (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
High |
| Northern gannet (Nbr) |
High |
Medium |
High |
High |
| Great cormorant (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| European shag (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| European shag (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
| Razorbill (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
| Common guillemot (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
| Common guillemot (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
| Black guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Table A3. 5 Species Summary: Underwater Turbine Collision Mortality.
| Species |
Sensitivity |
Exposure |
Vulnerability |
Confidence |
| Northern fulmar (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Northern fulmar (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Manx shearwater |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| European Storm-petrel |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Leach's storm petrel |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Arctic skua |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Great skua (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Great skua (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Great black-backed gull (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Great black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Little tern (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Common tern (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Arctic tern (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Sandwich tern (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Br) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Br) |
Medium |
Medium* |
Medium |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium* |
Medium |
Medium |
| European shag (Br) |
Medium |
Medium* |
Medium |
Medium |
| European shag (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium* |
Medium |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Black guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
High |
Medium* |
High |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
Table A3. 6 Species Summary: Marine Litter.
| Species |
Sensitivity |
Exposure |
Vulnerability |
Confidence |
| Northern fulmar (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Northern fulmar (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Manx shearwater |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| European Storm-petrel |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Leach's storm petrel |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Arctic skua |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great skua (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great skua (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great black-backed gull (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Great black-backed gull (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Herring gull (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Herring gull (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Little tern (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Common tern (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Arctic tern (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Sandwich tern (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Northern gannet (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Northern gannet (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Great cormorant (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great cormorant (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| European shag (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| European shag (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Razorbill (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Razorbill (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Common guillemot (Br) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Common guillemot (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Black guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Atlantic puffin (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Atlantic puffin (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
Table A3. 7 Species Summary: Habitat Loss and Mortality from Invasive Predatory Mammals.
| Species |
Sensitivity |
Exposure |
Vulnerability |
Confidence |
| Northern fulmar (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Northern fulmar (Nbr) |
High |
NE* |
NE |
Medium |
| Manx shearwater |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| European Storm-petrel |
High |
Medium |
High |
Low |
| Leach's storm petrel |
High |
Medium |
High |
Low |
| Arctic skua |
Sensitive |
Medium |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great skua (Br) |
Sensitive |
Medium |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great skua (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
NE* |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great black-backed gull (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Great black-backed gull (Nbr) |
High |
NE* |
NE |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Nbr) |
High |
NE* |
NE |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Nbr) |
High |
NE* |
NE |
Medium |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
High |
NE* |
NE |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Nbr) |
Medium |
NE* |
NE |
Medium |
| Little tern (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Common tern (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Arctic tern (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Sandwich tern (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Br) |
Sensitive |
Medium |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Northern gannet (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
NE* |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great cormorant (Br) |
Sensitive |
Medium |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great cormorant (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Low* |
Sensitive |
Low |
| European shag (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| European shag (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low* |
Low |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Nbr) |
High |
NE* |
NE |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Nbr) |
High |
NE* |
NE |
Medium |
| Black guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Nbr) |
High |
NE* |
NE |
Medium |
Table A3. 8 Species Summary: Reduction in Prey by Fishing.
| Species |
Sensitivity |
Exposure |
Vulnerability |
Confidence |
| Northern fulmar (Br) |
Sensitive |
Medium |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Northern fulmar (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Medium |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Manx shearwater |
Sensitive |
Medium |
Sensitive |
Low |
| European Storm-petrel |
Sensitive |
Medium |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Leach's storm petrel |
Sensitive |
Medium |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Arctic skua |
High |
Medium |
High |
Low |
| Great skua (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Low |
| Great skua (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Great black-backed gull (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Great black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Nbr) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Little tern (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Common tern (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Arctic tern (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Sandwich tern (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Br) |
Sensitive |
Medium |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great cormorant (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Medium |
Sensitive |
Low |
| European shag (Br) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| European shag (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Nbr) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Nbr) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Black guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Br) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Nbr) |
High |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
Table A3. 9 Species Summary: Disturbance from Recreation, Tourism & Transport
| Species |
Sensitivity |
Exposure |
Vulnerability |
Confidence |
| Northern fulmar (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Northern fulmar (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Manx shearwater |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| European Storm-petrel |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Leach's storm petrel |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Arctic skua |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Great skua (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Great skua (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Great black-backed gull (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Great black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Herring gull (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Herring gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Nbr) |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Little tern (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Common tern (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Arctic tern (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Sandwich tern (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Northern gannet (Br) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Northern gannet (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Great cormorant (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Great cormorant (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| European shag (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| European shag (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Razorbill (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Razorbill (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Common guillemot (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Common guillemot (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Black guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Atlantic puffin (Br) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Low |
| Atlantic puffin (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Low |
Table A3. 10 Species Summary: Intentional Taking of Adults/ Eggs (Licenced Culling, Control & Harvesting).
| Species |
Sensitivity |
Exposure |
Vulnerability |
Confidence |
| Northern fulmar (Br) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| Northern fulmar (Nbr) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| Manx shearwater |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| European Storm-petrel |
Sensitive |
NE |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Leach's storm petrel |
Sensitive |
NE |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Arctic skua |
Sensitive |
NE |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great skua (Br) |
Sensitive |
NE |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great skua (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
NE |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great black-backed gull (Br) |
High |
Medium* |
High |
Medium |
| Great black-backed gull (Nbr) |
High |
Medium* |
High |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Br) |
High |
Medium* |
High |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Nbr) |
High |
Medium* |
High |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br) |
High |
Medium* |
High |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Nbr) |
High |
Medium* |
High |
Medium |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
NE |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Nbr) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| Little tern (Br) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Low |
| Common tern (Br) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| Arctic tern (Br) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| Sandwich tern (Br) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low* |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Northern gannet (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
NE |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Great cormorant (Br) |
Medium |
Medium* |
Medium |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Nbr) |
Medium |
Medium* |
Medium |
Medium |
| European shag (Br) |
Sensitive |
NE |
Sensitive |
Low |
| European shag (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
NE |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Razorbill (Br) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Nbr) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Br) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Nbr) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| Black guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Br) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Nbr) |
Medium |
NE |
NE |
Medium |
Table A3. 11 Species Summary: Mortality from Oil Contamination.
| Species |
Sensitivity |
Exposure |
Vulnerability |
Confidence |
| Northern fulmar (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Northern fulmar (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Manx shearwater |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| European Storm-petrel |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Leach's storm petrel |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Arctic skua |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Great skua (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Great skua (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Great black-backed gull (Br) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Great black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Br) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Low |
| Little tern (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Common tern (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Arctic tern (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Low |
| Sandwich tern (Br) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Br) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Nbr) |
Medium |
Low |
Low |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| European shag (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| European shag (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Black guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
Low |
Sensitive |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Br) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Nbr) |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
Species with Medium and High Vulnerability to Main Pressures
The following tables highlight the main pressures and threats identified as having a high and medium vulnerability to the named seabird species. The tables also include species that are considered ‘sensitive’ to these pressures.
Listed species refer to breeding populations only unless otherwise stated (i.e. Br/Nbr = breeding & non-breeding populations, Nbr = non-breeding populations only).
Table A3. 12 Climate Change
| Species |
Vulnerability |
| Arctic skua |
High |
| Arctic tern |
High |
| Atlantic puffin |
High |
| Black guillemot |
High |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Common guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Common tern |
High |
| European shag |
Sensitive |
| European shag (Nbr) |
High |
| European storm petrel |
High |
| Great black-backed gull (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Great cormorant (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| Great skua (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Herring gull (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Leach’s storm petrel |
High |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
High |
| Little tern |
High |
| Manx shearwater |
High |
| Northern fulmar (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Northern gannet |
Sensitive |
| Razorbill (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Sandwich tern |
High |
Table A3. 13 Reduction in prey availability
| Species |
Vulnerability |
| Arctic skua |
High |
| Arctic tern |
High |
| Atlantic puffin (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Black guillemot |
High |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Common guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Common tern |
High |
| European shag (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| European storm petrel |
Sensitive |
| Great black-backed gull (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| Great skua (Br) |
High |
| Great skua (Nbr) |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Leach's storm petrel |
Sensitive |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br) |
Medium |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| Little tern |
Medium |
| Manx shearwater |
Sensitive |
| Northern fulmar (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| Northern gannet (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Sandwich tern |
High |
Table A3. 14 Habitat loss & mortality from invasive predatory mammals
| Species |
Vulnerability |
| Arctic skua |
Sensitive |
| Arctic tern |
High |
| Atlantic puffin |
High |
| Black guillemot |
High |
| Black-legged kittiwake |
Medium |
| Common guillemot |
High |
| Common tern |
High |
| European shag |
Medium |
| European storm petrel |
High |
| Great black-backed gull |
High |
| Great cormorant (Br/Non-br) |
Sensitive |
| Great skua (Br/Non-br) |
Sensitive |
| Herring gull |
High |
| Leach's storm petrel |
High |
| Lesser black-backed gull |
High |
| Little tern |
Medium |
| Manx shearwater |
High |
| Northern fulmar |
High |
| Northern gannet (Br/Non-br) |
Sensitive |
| Razorbill |
High |
| Sandwich tern |
High |
Table A3. 15 Bycatch[16]
| Species |
Vulnerability |
| Arctic tern |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Black guillemot |
Sensitive |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Common tern |
Medium |
| European shag ((Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Great black-backed gull (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Leach’s storm petrel |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
| Little tern |
Medium |
| Manx shearwater |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Sandwich tern |
Medium |
Table A3. 16 Collision mortality (by offshore wind energy)
| Species |
Vulnerability |
| Arctic skua |
Medium |
| Arctic tern |
Medium |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| Common tern |
Medium |
| European storm petrel |
Medium |
| Great black-backed gull (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Great skua (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Herring gull (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Leach’s storm petrel |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull |
High |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
| Manx shearwater |
Medium |
| Northern fulmar (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| Northern gannet (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Sandwich tern |
Medium |
Table A3. 17 Displacement (by offshore wind energy)
| Species |
Vulnerability |
| Arctic tern |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Common tern |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Razorbill (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Sandwich tern |
Medium |
Table A3. 18 Barrier to species movement (by offshore wind energy)
| Species |
Vulnerability |
| Arctic tern |
Medium |
| Atlantic puffin (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Black guillemot |
Medium |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Common tern |
Medium |
| European shag (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Razorbill (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Sandwich tern |
Medium |
Table A3. 19 Mortality by collision with underwater turbines etc
| Species |
Vulnerability |
| Atlantic puffin (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Black guillemot |
High |
| Common guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| European shag (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
Table A3. 20 Disturbance (from recreation, tourism and transport)
| Species |
Vulnerability |
| Arctic tern |
Medium |
| Black guillemot |
Sensitive |
| Common guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Common tern |
Medium |
| European shag (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Little tern |
Medium |
| Northern fulmar (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| Sandwich tern |
Medium |
Table A3. 21 Marine litter
| Species |
Vulnerability |
| Arctic skua |
Sensitive |
| Arctic tern |
Sensitive |
| Atlantic puffin (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| Black guillemot |
Sensitive |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Common tern |
Sensitive |
| European shag (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| European storm petrel |
Medium |
| Great black-backed gull (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| Great skua (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| Herring gull (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Leach’s storm petrel |
Medium |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
| Little tern |
Sensitive |
| Manx shearwater |
Medium |
| Northern fulmar (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Northern gannet (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| Sandwich tern |
Sensitive |
Table A3. 22 Mortality from oil contamination
| Species |
Vulnerability |
| Arctic skua |
Medium |
| Arctic tern |
Sensitive |
| Atlantic puffin (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Black guillemot |
Sensitive |
| Black-legged kittiwake (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Common guillemot (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Common tern |
Sensitive |
| European shag (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| European storm petrel |
Medium |
| Great cormorant (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Great skua (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Leach's storm petrel |
Medium |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
Medium |
| Little tern |
Sensitive |
| Manx shearwater |
Medium |
| Northern fulmar (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Razorbill (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Sandwich tern |
Sensitive |
Table A3. 23 Intentional taking of adults/eggs (licenced culling, control & harvesting)
| Species |
Vulnerability |
| Arctic skua |
Sensitive |
| European shag (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| European storm petrel |
Sensitive |
| Great black-backed gull (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Great cormorant (Br/Nbr) |
Medium |
| Great skua (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| Herring gull (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Leach's storm petrel |
Sensitive |
| Lesser black-backed gull (Br/Nbr) |
High |
| Little gull (Nbr) |
Sensitive |
| Northern gannet (Br/Nbr) |
Sensitive |
