Scottish Shellfish Farm Production Survey 2019

This report is based on the returns of an annual survey questionnaire sent to all active authorised shellfish farming businesses in Scotland. Statistics on employment, production and value of shellfish from Scottish shellfish farms are presented.


Sites and Businesses

The numbers of authorised, active businesses and sites in operation are presented in Tables 3 and 4. There are many sites that held stock not yet ready for market, others were fallow, and some were located in remote areas where cost-effective production and marketing of shellfish proved difficult. In 2019, 165 sites produced shellfish for sale, an increase of 3% since 2018, and 56% of these sites were located in Shetland.

Table 3 Authorised and active businesses 2010-2019.
Number of Businesses
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Active 164 153 153 142 144 144 138 132 130 129
Table 4 Active and producing farm sites by region 2019.
Region
Highland Orkney Shetland Strathclyde Western Isles All Scotland
Sites
Active 73 5 137 62 49 326
Producing 27 0 93 32 13 165

Active = Farms in a production growing cycle which may contain stock or be fallow.

Producing = placing on the market for the table and/or on-growing.

NB: A business may produce more than one species and in more than one region.

Figure 2 Regional distribution of active shellfish sites in 2019 (number producing given in brackets) and number of producing businesses by region/species.
Figure 2 Regional distribution of active shellfish sites in 2019 (number producing given in brackets) and number of producing businesses by region/species.

There were five Several Orders in place for scallop fisheries in 2019 (see Fig. 2) all of which are located in the Highland region.

Table 5 depicts the number of businesses by region and by species: A) in table production, B) in on-growing production and C) showing no production. Many businesses cultivate more than one species on site, a practice made possible by similar cultivation techniques. For example, scallop can be grown together with queen, Pacific oyster with native oyster, and mussel with Pacific oyster. The highest proportion of Pacific oyster businesses are located in Strathclyde while the highest proportion of mussel businesses are in Shetland.

Table 5 Number of businesses by region and by species 2019.
a) Production for the table
Region
Highland Orkney Shetland Strathclyde Western Isles All Scotland
Pacific oyster 7 0 0 22 2 31
Native oyster 0 0 0 1 0 1
Scallop 3 0 0 0 0 3
Queen 1 0 0 1 0 2
Mussel 5 0 17 4 5 31
Total 16 0 17 28 7 68
b) Production for on-growing to other producers
Region
Highland Orkney Shetland Strathclyde Western Isles All Scotland
Pacific oyster 1 0 0 3 0 4
Native oyster 2 0 0 2 0 4
Scallop 0 0 0 0 0 0
Queen 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mussel 1 0 14 2 2 19
Total 4 0 14 7 2 27
c) No production, actively on-growing or fallow
Region
Highland Orkney Shetland Strathclyde Western Isles All Scotland
Pacific oyster 11 2 0 9 3 25
Native oyster 3 1 0 2 0 6
Scallop 6 0 0 3 0 9
Queen 2 0 0 1 0 3
Mussel 15 2 4 6 5 32
Total 37 5 4 21 8 75

Business production levels by species are shown in Table 6. There were 15 businesses producing more than 100 tonnes of mussels, this remained the same as in 2018. Out of these 15 businesses, nine produced more than 200 tonnes. These nine businesses produced 78% of the total mussel production in Scotland. There were seven businesses that produced more than 200,000 Pacific oysters. The production from these businesses accounted for 87% of the Scottish Pacific oyster total.

Table 6 Business production levels by species 2019.
Species 1- 10 11- 20 21- 30 31- 40 41- 50 51- 60 61- 70 71- 80 81- 90 91- 100 101-200 >200 Total
Pacific oyster (000s) 13 1 2 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 2 7 31
Native oyster (000s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
Scallop (000s) 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
Queen (000s) 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Mussel (tonnes) 3 0 3 3 3 1 0 2 0 1 6 9 31
Total 19 3 5 5 7 1 0 2 0 1 9 16 68

Contact

Email: lorna.munro@gov.scot

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