Working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic: benefits, challenges and considerations for future ways of working
To understand in the short-term how employees may respond to a policy, such as working from home, this report draws on a rapid review of relevant literature (from 2020-2022) and responses from an open-ended survey with members of the public in Scotland.
Annex D: Reference List
Al-Habaibeh, A., et al. (2021). Challenges and opportunities of remotely working from home during Covid-19 pandemic. Global Transitions 3: 99-108.
Armour, M., et al. (2021) Endometriosis and the workplace: Lessons from Australia's response to COVID-19. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 62(1): 164-167.
Bergmann, M., and Wagner, M. (2021) The Impact of COVID-19 on Informal Caregiving and Care Receiving Across Europe During the First Phase of the Pandemic. Frontiers in Public Health.
Bloom, N., et al. (2020) The Impact of COVID-19 on Productivity. National Bureau of Economic Research. The Impact of Covid-19 on Productivity (nber.org).
Chung, H., et al. (2020) Working from Home during the COVID-19 Lockdown: Changing preferences and the future of work. University of Kent. Working_from_home_COVID-19_lockdown.pdf (kent.ac.uk).
Çiftçi, B., and Demirhan, F. (2022) Investigating the impacts of working at home among office workers with neck pain on health status, depression and sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 9:1-9.
DeFilippis, E., et al. (2020) Collaborating During Coronavirus: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Nature of Work. Harvard Business School Organizational Behavior Unit Working Paper No. 21-006, Harvard Business School Strategy Unit Working Paper No. 21-006.
Demos.(2021). Inside Jobs: The Experience of Low-Paid Homeworkers in Britain Today. Inside Jobs (demos.co.uk).
Di Fusco S.A., et al. (2021) Impact of Working from Home on Cardiovascular Health: An Emerging Issue with the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health 18(22):11882. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182211882.
Ding, D., et al (2020) Is the COVID-19 lockdown nudging people to be more active: a big data analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine 54(20): 1183-1187.
Fancourt, D., et al. (2020) Covid-19 Social Study. Results Release 2. 2nd April 2020. University College London Reports | COVID Social Study.
Felstead, A. (2022) Remote Working: A Research Overview, Routledge.
Felstead, A., and Reuschke, D. (2020) Homeworking in the UK: before and during the 2020 lockdown. WISERD Report, Cardiff: Wales Institute of Social and Economic Research. Homeworking in the UK Before and during the 2020 lockdown (cardiff.ac.uk).
Friedman, A. (2020) Proof the workday is longer since COVID - Work Life by Atlassian.
Fukumura, Y.E., et al. (2021) Negotiating Time and Space When Working From Home: Experiences During COVID-19. OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health. 41(4): 223-231.
Greenhaus J.H., Beutell N.J. (1985) Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review 10(1):76–88.
Griffiths, M.L., et al. (2022) Good work in the COVID-19 recovery: priorities and changes for the future. medRxiv preprint.
Griffiths, M.L., et al. (2022) Exploring the health impacts and inequalities of the new ways of working: findings from a cross-sectional study. medRxiv preprint.
Guler, M.A., et al. (2021) Working From Home During a Pandemic Investigation of the Impact of COVID-19 on Employee Health and Productivity Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 63(9): 731-741. DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002277.
Hallman, D.M., et al. (2021) Working from home during the COVID-19 outbreak in Sweden: effects on 24-h time-use in office workers. BMC Public Health 21, 528.
Hernandez, Y. A. T., et al. (2021) Influence of the COVID-19 lockdown on remote workers' physical and psychosocial wellbeing and work productivity. PsyArXiv Preprints.
Holliss, F. (2021) Working from Home. Built Environment 47(3): 367-379(13).
Ipsen, C., et al. (2021) Six Key Advantages and Disadvantages of Working from Home in Europe during COVID-19. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 18(4): 1826.
Escudero, C., and Kleinman, M. (2022) How did working from home during Covid-19 impact productivity? how did working from home during the covid pandemic impact productivity (kcl.ac.uk).
Lafferty, A., et al. (2021) Colliding worlds: Family carers' experiences of balancing work and care in Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health and Social Care in the Community 30(3): 1133-1142.
Leigh-Hunt, N., et al. (2017) An overview of systematic reviews on the public health consequences of social isolation and loneliness. Public Health 152: 157-171.
Manokha, I. (2020) Covid-19: Teleworking, Surveillance and 24/7 Work. Some Reflexions on the Expected Growth of Remote Work After the Pandemic. Political Anthropological Research on International Social Sciences (PARISS), 1(2), 273-287.
Manroop, L., and Petrovski, D. (2022) Exploring layers of context-related work-from-home demands during COVID-19. Personnel Review.
Marks, A., et al (2020). House of Lords COVID-19 Committee – How may the rapidly increasing reliance on digital technology, accelerated by the pandemic, have a long-term impact on our social and economic wellbeing? Working@Home. HofL-final_- working at home (workingathome.org.uk)
National Records for Scotland (2020) Digital Exclusion Index for Scotland's Census 2022 GROS - Census - General Report Template.dot (scotlandscensus.gov.uk)
Niebuhr, F., et al. (2022). Healthy and Happy Working from Home? Effects of Working from Home on Employee Health and Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19(3):1122.
O'Connell, M., Smith, K., and Stroud, R. (2021) The dietary impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. WP202118-The dietary impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (ifs.org.uk)
Oakman, J., et al. (2022) Working from home in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional results from the Employees Working From Home (EWFH) study. BMJ Open 12:e052733. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052733
Oakman, J., Kinsman, N., Stuckey, R. et al. A rapid review of mental and physical health effects of working at home: how do we optimise health? BMC Public Health 20, 1825.
Office for National Statistics (2020) Coronavirus and homeworking in the UK labour market - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk)
Office for National Statistics (2019) Exploring the UK's digital divide - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk)
Office for National Statistics (2022) Is hybrid working here to stay? - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk)
Office for National Statistics (2022) Homeworking and spending during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, Great Britain - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk)
Okuyan, C.B and Begen, M.A. (2022) Working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic, its effects on health, and recommendations: The pandemic and beyond. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care 58(1):173-179.
Oracle and Workplace Intelligence (2020) As Uncertainty Remains, Anxiety and Stress Reach a Tipping Point at Work (oracle.com)
Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) OECD Better Life Index
Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) (2020) Productivity gains from teleworking in the post COVID-19 era: How can public policies make it happen? (oecd.org)
Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) Measuring Productivity - OECD Manual
Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) (2021) The role of telework for productivity during and post-COVID-19 : Results from an OECD survey among managers and workers | OECD Productivity Working Papers | OECD iLibrary (oecd-ilibrary.org)
Our World in Data. COVID-19: Google Mobility Trends - Our World in Data
Parry, J et al., (2022) Work After Lockdown: No Going Back what we have learned from working from home through the COVID-19 pandemic. Work After Lockdown no going back report (squarespace.com)
Public Health Scotland. COVID-19 Daily Dashboard | Tableau Public
Radulović, A.H., et al. (2021) Work from home and musculoskeletal pain in telecommunications workers during COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 72(3):232-239.
Richardson, D.L., et al (2022) The ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on perceived physical activity, physical function and mood of older adults in the UK: A follow up study (March 2020-June 2021). Experimental Gerontology 165
Royal Society for Public Health (2021) Disparity Begins at Home. RSPH | Disparity Begins at Home
Schieman, S., & Young, M. (2010). Is there a downside to schedule control for the work-family interface? Journal of Family Issues, 31(10), 1391–1414.
Schur, L.A., Ameri, M., and Kruse, D. (2020) Telework after COVID: A "Silver Lining" for Workers with Disabilities? Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation 30, 521-536.
Scottish Government (2018) Definitions - A Connected Scotland: our strategy for tackling social isolation and loneliness and building stronger social connections - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
Scottish Government (2022) Coronavirus (COVID-19): impact on wellbeing - survey findings - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
Scottish Government (2022) Coronavirus (COVID-19): modelling the epidemic (issue no.90) - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
Scottish Government (2022) COVID-19 in Scotland 4 Harms Dashboard. Detailed analysis (data.gov.scot)
Scottish Government (2022) Guidance for immunosuppressed people - Coronavirus (COVID-19): advice for people who were on the Highest Risk List - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
Scottish Government Public attitudes to coronavirus: tracker - data tables - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
Scottish Government (2020) Coronavirus (COVID-19): Scotland's Strategic Framework - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
Scottish Government (2019) Scottish household survey 2018: annual report - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
Scottish Parliament (2022) Timeline of Coronavirus (COVID-19) in Scotland – SPICe Spotlight | Solas air SPICe (spice-spotlight.scot)
Social Research Association (SRA) How different are qualitative and quantitative research? (the-sra.org.uk)
Stefanova, V., Farrell, L., and Latu, I. (2021) Gender and the pandemic: Associations between caregiving, working from home, personal and career outcomes for women and men. Current Psychology.
Stockwell, S., et al. (2021) Changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviours from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: a systematic review. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 7:e000960.
Taylor, I., Belcher, K., Breedvelt, J., and Taylor, B. (2022) Society Watch Anxious Britain How worried are we in 2022 (natcen.ac.uk)
Transport Scotland (2021) COVID-19: Scotland's transport and travel trends during the first year of the pandemic. COVID-19: Scotland's transport and travel trends
Welsh Government National Survey for Wales | Gov.Wales
World Health Organization (2020) Disability considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak (who.int)
World Health Organization (2022) Healthy and safe telework: Technical brief (who.int)
World Economic Forum (2020) Coronavirus: Is working from home working? | World Economic Forum (weforum.org)
Yavorski, J.E., Qian, Y., and Sargent, A.C. (2021) The gendered pandemic: The implications of COVID-19 for work and family. Sociology Compass 15(6): e12881.
Contact
Email: socialresearch@gov.scot
There is a problem
Thanks for your feedback