Young people's experiences of precarious and flexible work – Main Report

Appendix C – quantitative survey

Introduction

Good morning/afternoon, I am [NAME] from Progressive, an independent market research company which is carrying out a survey on behalf of the Scottish Government about different types of employment contracts and the employment conditions associated with these. The research will be used to help develop support for people who want to change their circumstances. The interview will take about 10 minutes to complete. Would you like to take part?

>GDPR and Informed consent section<

Screening/Quota Questions

Sampling points – Interviewer to select sample point

Single code

	Code
Central Scotland
Coatbridge	1
Falkirk	2
Hamilton	3
Linlithgow	4
Shotts	5
Stirling	6
Glasgow
Barrhead	7
Bishopbriggs	8
Glasgow City Centre	9
Greenock	10
Paisley	11
Renfrew	12
Rutherglen	13
Highlands & Islands
Aviemore	14
Elgin?	15
Inverness	16
Shetland	17
Lothians
Craigmiller / Niddrie	18
Dalkeith	19
Edinburgh City Centre	20
Edinburgh East	21
Edinburgh South	22
Edinburgh West	23
Livingston	24
Pilton / Muirhouse	25
Ratho / Kirkliston / Newbridge	26
Mid Scotland & Fife
Dunfermline	27
Glenrothes	28
Kirkcaldy	29
Perth	30
Saline	31
North East Scotland
Aberdeen City Centre	32
Arbroath	33
Dundee City Centre	34
Inverurie	35
Peterhead	36
South Scotland
Biggar	37
Dumfries	38
Galashiels	39
Gretna	40
Hawick	41
Jedburgh / Selkirk / Kelso	42
Peebles	43
West Scotland
Ayr	44
Irvine	45
Kilmarnock	46
Prestwick	47
Troon	48
- Other, specify	- 49

SQ2. Are you currently working in Scotland? Single code

	Code	Route
Yes	1	SQ4
No	2	SQ3
Prefer not to say	3	SQ3

Ask if SQ2=2 or 3

SQ3. Have you had any work at all in the last 24 months in Scotland? This includes any seasonal, temporary, casual work, or self-employment. Single code

	Code	Route	Screen out page
Yes	1	SQ4
No	2	Close	Thank you for your time. On this occasion we are only speaking to people who have been employed over the last 24 months in Scotland
Prefer not to say	3	Close

I would now like to ask you a few classification questions. This is to ensure that we speak to a broad range of people in your area.

SQ4. How old are you? Single code

	Code	Route	Screen out page
Under 16 years old	1	Close
16 years old	2	SQ5
17 years old	3
18 years old	4
19 years old	5
20 years old	6
21 years old	7
22 years old	8
23 years old	9
24 years old	10
25+ years old	11	Close	Thank you for your time. On this occasion you do not fit the criteria
Prefer not to say	11	Close

SQ5. Are you…….? Single code

	Code
Male (including trans man)	1
Female (including trans woman)	2
Describe in another way, specify_____________	3
- Prefer not to say	4 - close

SQ6. How would you describe your ethnic group? Single code, spontaneous

	Code
White
Scottish	1
Other British	2
Irish	3
Gypsy, Roma, Traveller	4
Polish	5
Other White ethnic group, please specify	6
Mixed
Any mixed or multiple ethnic background, please specify	7
Asian, Asian Scottish, or Asian British
Indian, Indian Scottish or Indian British	8
Pakistani, Pakistani Scottish or Pakistani British	9
Bangladeshi, Bangladeshi Scottish or Bangladeshi British	10
Chinese, Chinese Scottish or Chinese British	11
Other, please specify	12
African
African, African Scottish or African British	13
Other, please specify	14
Caribbean or Black
Caribbean, Caribbean Scottish or Caribbean British	15
Black, Black Scottish or Black British	16
Other, please specify	17
Other Ethnic group
Arab, Arab Scottish or Arab British	18
Other, please specify	19
Prefer not to say	20 - close

Position: ____________________________

Industry: ____________________________

Single code – interviewer code

SQ8. What is the occupation of the chief income earner in the household?

	Code
AB	1
C1	2
C2	3
D	4
E	5
Prefer not to say	6 - close

Main Questions – Current Employment

Q1a. Thinking about your most recent employment, which of the following best applies to you? If you have more than one job please think about your main job. Show screen, single code only

Randomise list	Code
Permanent position	1
Fixed term position (over a year)	2
Fixed term position (up to a year)	3
Temporary work	4
Seasonal position	5
Casual position	6
Freelance	7
Self-employed	8
Internship	9
Apprenticeship	10
Other non-permanent position, specify_______________	11
Unsure/Don't know	12
Prefer not say	13

Q1b. Where did you find out about your job? Multicode possible, spontaneous

	Code
Job website	1
Word of mouth (friend, family, teacher etc.)	2
Social media	3
Recruitment Agency / other agency	4
Online / digital platform or App e.g. Uber, TaskRabbit, Deliveroo	5
Ad at the premises e.g. poster in window etc.	6
Submitted speculative CV into place of work	7
Internal vacancy (advertised by current employer)	8
Nowhere – set up own business	9
Other, specify	10
Unsure/Don't know	11

Q2. How many hours do you work each week at this job? Single code

	Code
Up to 10	1
Over 10 up to 14	2
15 to 30	3
31 to 40	4
41 to 50	5
Over 50	6
Varies every week	7

Ask if SQ2 = 1(yes)

Q3. How many jobs do you currently have? Single code

	Code	Route
1	1	Q5
2	2	Q4a
3	3
4+	4
Work at different places every week or so	5
Cannot classify, please explain___________	6	Q5

Ask if Q3 = 2, 3, 4 or 5

Q4a. Which of the following best applies to the other jobs that you have? Show screen, multicode possible

Randomise list	Code
Permanent position	1
Fixed term position (over a year)	2
Fixed term position (up to a year)	3
Temporary work	4
Seasonal position	5
Casual position	6
Freelance	7
Self-employed	8
Internship	9
Apprenticeship	10
Other non-permanent position, specify_______________	11
Unsure/Don't know	12
Prefer not say	13

Ask if Q3 = 2, 3, 4 or 5

Q4b. How many hours do you work each week at your other job(s)? If more than one other job combine the number of additional hours you work.Single code

	Code
Up to 10	1
Over 10 up to 14	2
15 to 30	3
31 to 40	4
41 to 50	5
Over 50	6
Varies every week	7

Q5. Do you have a contract that is written and agreed with your employer? If you have more than one job please think about your main job. Single code

	Code	Route
Yes	1	Q6a
No	2	Q6a
No, I run my own business	3	Q9
Unsure/Don't know	4	Q6a
Prefer not say	5	Q6a

Q6a. Which of the following describes your most recent employment contract/employment? If you have more than one job please think about your main job. Show screen, single code

Randomise list	Code
Full time contract	1
Part time contract	2
Zero hours contract	3
Varying hours / Flexi contract	4
No contract I just turn up for work when I am asked	5
Other, specify__________	6
Unsure/Don't know	7
Prefer not say	8

Ask if Q3 = 2, 3, 4 or 5

Q6b. Thinking about your other job(s) which of the following describes your employment contract/ employment for your other jobs? Please select all that apply. Show screen, multicode possible

Randomise list	Code
Full time contract	1
Part time contract	2
Zero hours contract	3
Varying hours / Flexi contract	4
No contract I just turn up for work when I am asked	5
Other, specify__________	6
Unsure/Don't know	7
Prefer not say	8

Working Conditions

Q7. Does your employer/contract guarantee you a minimum number of hours work a week? Single code

	Code
Yes	1
No	2

Ask IF Q5=2 or 4 (no written contract)

Q8. How do you find out about the conditions of your employment such as contracted hours, entitlement to benefits, protocols when ill etc? Spontaneous, multicode possible

	Code
Verbally / face-to-face	1
Internet search	2
Email / App	3
Text messages / Whatsapp messages	4
I am not informed of my working conditions (Single code only)	5
Other, specify	6
Unsure/Don't know	7

Q9. What attracted you to the main job you currently do/recently held? Spontaneous, multicode possible

	Code
Financial security / Good pay	1
To top-up my income	2
Good benefits / rewards / pension	3
Reputation of the company	4
The number of working hours	5
Flexibility of shifts/hours	6
Location	7
Wanted experience in the sector/role / stepping stone to other jobs	8
Opportunity to develop/progress	9
Opportunity to travel	10
Was struggling to find a job	11
Felt pressured by parents / partner / family to get a job	12
Felt pressured by the job centre / benefits agency to get a job	13
My friends/family members work there	14
Other, specify	15
Unsure / don't know	16

Q10. Which of the following rights at work do/did you have in the job most recently held? Single code per statement

	Yes I have this	No I don't have this	Don't know	Not appropriate to me
Guaranteed number of working hours per day	1	2	3	-
Guaranteed number of days per week	1	2	3	-
Flexibility in the hours you work	1	2	3	-
Reasonable notice given to you when agreeing shifts/hours to work	1	2	3	-
Paid National Minimum Wage or above	1	2	3	-
Lunch and rest breaks provided	1	2	3	-
Holiday pay	1	2	3	-
Sick pay	1	2	3	-
Training and development opportunities	1	2	3	-
Public holidays off	1	2	3	-
Parental rights (such as maternity leave, parental leave, paid time to look after your child)	1	2	3	4

Overall experience

Q11. Thinking about your terms of employment overall, how satisfied are you/were you with it? Please use the following scale where zero is not at all satisfied and 10 is completely satisfied single code

0 - Not at all satisfied	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10 – Completely satisfied	D/K
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12

Q12. Why did you give the rating you did for satisfaction? Open ended, probe fully

_____________________________________________________________________

Q13. To what extent would you say your most recent employment impacts on each of the following aspects of your life? Please answer using the following slider scale: show screen, single code

	Impacts negatively					No impact					Impacts positively
Your mental health in general	-5	-4	-3	-2	-1	0	1	2	3	4	5
Your physical health in general	-5	-4	-3	-2	-1	0	1	2	3	4	5
Your finances in general	-5	-4	-3	-2	-1	0	1	2	3	4	5
Your social life	-5	-4	-3	-2	-1	0	1	2	3	4	5
Your relationship with partner, family, friends	-5	-4	-3	-2	-1	0	1	2	3	4	5

Advantages and Disadvantages

Q14. What are the top three most positive characteristics of your recent employment? Please select up to three responses. Show screen

Randomise list	Code
Level of pay	1
Benefits e.g. sick pay, holiday pay / rewards / pension provided	2
Reputation of the company	3
The number of working hours	4
Flexibility of shifts/hours	5
Location	6
Experience I am gaining	7
Variety of work	8
Type/quality of work	9
Opportunities given to develop / promotional opportunities	10
Opportunities given to travel	11
Enjoy the work	12
The number/length of breaks	13
People I work with	14
No commitment/contract	15
Something else, specify____	16
Nothing	17

Q15. What are the top three biggest issues in relation to your most recent employment? Please select up to three responses. Show screen

Randomise list	Code
Low pay/lack of financial security	1
Lack of benefits e.g. sick pay, holiday pay / rewards / pension	2
Too few hours given	3
Too many hours given	4
Irregularity of hours per week/month	5
Long hours	6
Unsociable hours	7
Unfair allocation of hours e.g. first come first served	8
Lack of notice given when being informed of hours/changes to hours	9
Location	10
Lack of opportunities to develop / promotional opportunities	11
The type of work given	12
Limited/unstructured breaks	13
People I work with	14
Expected to do more than other colleagues	15
Something else, specify____	16
Nothing	17

Future Employment

Ask if yes at SQ2 (currently employed)

Q16a. Do you want to change your working situation in the next 12 months? Single code

	Code
Yes, definitely	1
Yes, possibly	2
No	3
Unsure/Don't know	4

Ask if yes (code 1 or 2) at Q16a

Q16b. How you would like to change your working situation? Single code

	Code
Change company I work for	1
Change job/position within the company I work for	2
Prefer not to say	3
Unsure / Don't know	4

Ask if yes (code 1 or 2) at Q16a

Q16c. In what way would you like to change your working situation? Spontaneous, multicode possible

	Code
Increase in hours	1
Decrease in hours	2
Change shift pattern/days worked	3
Better pay	4
Promoted post	5
Better prospects/development opportunities	6
Contract type	7
Location	8
Other, specify	9
Unsure/Don't know	10

Ask if yes (code 1 or 2) at Q16a

Q17. What, if anything, might stop you from changing your working situation? Spontaneous multicode possible

	Code
Lack of experience	1
Lack of qualifications	2
Lack of jobs in general	3
Lack of confidence	4
Other commitments e.g. caring, childcare	5
Lack of information about other jobs	6
Lack of knowledge as to where to look for jobs	7
Lack of motivation / just can't be bothered	8
Lack of time to search/ attend interviews	9
Poor relationship with my employer/manager	10
Nothing, just haven't got round to it	11
Other, specify________________	12
Unsure/Don't know	13

Ask if yes (Code 1 OR 2) at Q16a

Q18. If wanting to change your working situation in the future, what information, advice or guidance would help you to do so? Spontaneous, multicode possible

	Code
Advice / guidance on CV writing	1
Advice / guidance on changing career	2
Advice / guidance on preparing for and attending interviews	3
Information on basic employment rights	4
Guidance on where to seek jobs / best websites to use	5
Work experience / placement opportunities	6
Apprenticeship opportunities	7
Advice on current local job opportunities	8
Access to / better entry routes to specific jobs/industries	9
Awareness of / access to support groups	10
Awareness of / access to online communities	11
Support to engage / communicate with employer	12
Other, specify [probe fully]	13
Nothing	14
Unsure/Don't know	15

Ask if yes (code 1 OR 2) at Q16a, exclude those who code 14 at Q18

Q19. How would you prefer to receive this information, advice and guidance? Spontaneous, multicode possible

	Code
Websites / online	1
Social media	2
App	3
Seminar, talks	4
Face-to-face meeting	5
Other, specify	6
Unsure/Don't know	7

Other classification / Protected Characteristics

Interviewer note: respondent is not responsible for paying own bills if they only pay for personal items such as mobile phone, car etc.

Q20. Are you financially independent? By this we mean that you are responsible for, and currently pay your own living expenses such as rent or mortgage payments, bills, food etc. Single code

	Code
Yes I am responsible for my own living expenses, bills, food etc.	1
No I am dependent on family members/someone else to cover my living expenses, bills, food etc.	2
Prefer not to say	3

Q21. Do you have anyone who is financially dependent on you? Single code

	Code
Yes	1
No	2
Prefer not to say	3

Q22. Are you currently in full-time or part-time education? Single code

	Code
Full-time education	1
Part-time education	2
Not in education	3

Q23. Do you have a long-standing illness, disability or infirmity? Longstanding means anything that has troubled you or is likely to affect you over a period of time. Single code

	Code
Yes	1
No	2
Prefer not to say	3

Q24. Could you please tell me your full postcode? Please note this is for analysis purposes only to ensure a broad geographical coverage of views are received. It will not be passed on to any third parties or the Scottish Government.

	Code
Postcode:_______________________________________________________	Type in
Don't know / unsure - Please tell me the name of the town/village/city you live in	1
Prefer not to say	2

Scripting note: daily look-up required for urban/rural and simd classification

Classification – Place of work

The final questions are to allow us to classify your place of work for analysis purposes.

Q25. Which sector do you work in?

	Code
Agriculture, fisheries, mining and utilities	1
Manufacturing	2
Construction	3
Wholesale and Retail	4
Hotels and Restaurants	5
Transport, storage and communications e.g. Taxi, air or rail transport, warehousing activities, publishing, radio broadcasting, data processing, telecommunications	6
Financial services e.g. bank, building society, insurance etc.	7
Business services e.g. HR, call centres, cleaning services, landscaping, office support, professional services, bookkeeping, accounting, real estate etc.	8
Public Administration e.g. Foreign affairs, Justice and judicial activities, fire service etc.	9
Education	10
Health & Social work	11
Arts and other services e.g. Arts, museum activities, fitness, hairdressing, item repairs	12
Other, specify___________________________	13
Unsure / don't know	14
Prefer not to say	15

Q26. What size of organisation do you work for?

	Code
Large, corporate organisation e.g. one large office with over 250 employees or multiple stores, offices across the country	1
Medium sized organisation e.g. 51 - 250 employees	2
Small organisation e.g. up to 50 employees	3
Unsure / don't know	4